42 U.S.C. § 4321

Congressional declaration of purpose

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The purposes of this chapter are: To declare a national policy which will encourage productive and enjoyable harmony between man and his environment; to promote efforts which will prevent or eliminate damage to the environment and biosphere and stimulate the health and welfare of man; to enrich the understanding of the ecological systems and natural resources important to the Nation; and to establish a Council on Environmental Quality.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 2,822 cases (219 in the last 5 years), 1970–2026 · leading case: Tennessee Valley Authority v. Hill
Tennessee Valley Authority v. Hill (1978) scotus · cites it 6× “After unsuccessfully urging TVA to consider alternatives to damming the Little Tennessee, local citizens and national conservation groups brought suit in the District Court, claiming that the project did not conform to the requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act of…”
Navajo Nation v. United States Forest Service (2008) ca9 · cites it 4× “, the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 ("NEPA"), 42 U.S.C. §§ 4321 et seq., and the National Historic Preservation Act ("NHPA"), 16 U.”
Lyng v. Northwest Indian Cemetery Protective Assn. (1988) scotus · cites it 4× “852 , 42 U. S. C. § 4321 et seq., several other federal statutes, and governmental trust responsibilities to Indians living on the Hoopa Valley Reservation.”
United States v. Students Challenging Regulatory Agency Procedures (SCRAP) (1973) scotus · cites it 6× “852 , 42 U. S. C. § 4321 et seq., declares a congressional policy "which will encourage productive and enjoyable harmony between man and his environment; to promote efforts which will prevent or eliminate damage to the environment and biosphere and stimulate the health and…”
Kleppe v. Sierra Club (1976) scotus · cites it 3× “852 , 42 U. S. C. § 4321 et seq. —no matter how blatant—until it is too late for an adequate remedy to be formulated.”
Save Our Sound OBX, Inc. v. NC Dept of Transportation (2019) ca4 · cites it 2× “The district court granted the Agencies' motion for summary judgment, finding that they did not violate the National Environmental Policy Act (the "NEPA"), 42 U.S.C. § 4321 et seq. , or the Department of Transportation Act (the "DTA"), 49 U.”
Monsanto Co. v. Geertson Seed Farms (2010) scotus · cites it 2× “852 , 42 U. S. C. §4321 et seq., by issuing its deregulation deci­ sion without first completing a detailed assessment of the environmental consequences of its proposed course of action.”
Lujan v. National Wildlife Federation (1990) scotus · cites it 2× “852 , 42 U. S. C. § 4321 et seq., and § 10(e) of the Administrative Procedure Act (APA), 5 U.”
Department of Transportation v. Public Citizen (2004) scotus · cites it 2× “852 (codified, as amended, at 42 U. S. C. §§4321 -4370f), and the Clean Air Act (CAA), 42 U.”
Rattlesnake Coalition v. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2007) ca9 · cites it 3× “The Coalition brought suit under the National Environmental Policy Act (“NEPA”), 42 U.S.C. § 4321 , seeking in-junctive, declaratory, and other relief related to the preparation of Environmental Assessments (“EAs”) and Environmental Impact Statements (“EISs”) prior to…”
Metropolitan Edison Co. v. People Against Nuclear Energy (1983) scotus · cites it 4× “852 , as amended, 42 U. S. C. § 4321 et seq. (1976 ed. and Supp.”
Marsh v. Oregon Natural Resources Council (1989) scotus · cites it 2× “852 , 42 U. S. C. §4321 et seq., must contain a complete mitigation plan and a “worst case analysis,” which we answered in Robertson, it presents the question whether information developed after the completion of the EIS requires that a supplemental EIS be prepared before…”
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