Virginia Code

Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-79 (2026)

Powers and duties

✓ current as of May 2026

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Each school board shall:

1. See that the school laws are properly explained, enforced, and observed;

2. Secure, by visitation or otherwise, as full information as possible about the conduct of the public schools in the school division and take care that they are conducted according to law and with the utmost efficiency;

3. Care for, manage, and control the property of the school division and provide for the erecting, furnishing, equipping, and noninstructional operating of necessary school buildings and appurtenances and the maintenance thereof by purchase, lease, or other contracts;

4. Provide for the consolidation of schools or redistricting of school boundaries or adopt pupil assignment plans whenever such procedure will contribute to the efficiency of the school division;

5. Insofar as not inconsistent with state statutes and regulations of the Board, operate and maintain the public schools in the school division and determine the length of the school term, the studies to be pursued, the methods of teaching, and the government to be employed in the schools;

6. In instances in which no grievance procedure has been adopted prior to January 1, 1991, establish and administer by July 1, 1992, a grievance procedure for all school board employees, except the division superintendent and those employees covered under the provisions of Article 2 (§ 22.1-293 et seq.) and Article 3 (§ 22.1-306 et seq.) of Chapter 15, who have completed such probationary period as may be required by the school board, not to exceed 18 months. The grievance procedure shall afford a timely and fair method of the resolution of disputes arising between the school board and such employees before dismissal or other disciplinary actions, excluding suspensions, and shall be consistent with the provisions of the Board's procedures for adjusting grievances. Except in the case of dismissal, suspension, or other disciplinary action, the grievance procedure prescribed by the Board pursuant to § 22.1-308 shall apply to all full-time employees of a school board, except supervisory employees;

7. Perform such other duties as shall be prescribed by the Board or as are imposed by law;

8. Obtain public comment through a public hearing not less than seven days after reasonable notice to the public in a newspaper of general circulation in the school division prior to providing (i) for the consolidation of schools; (ii) the transfer from the public school system of the administration of all instructional services for any public school classroom or all noninstructional services in the school division pursuant to a contract with any private entity or organization; or (iii) in school divisions having 15,000 pupils or more in average daily membership, for redistricting of school boundaries or adopting any pupil assignment plan affecting the assignment of 15 percent or more of the pupils in average daily membership in the affected school. Such public hearing may be held at the same time and place as the meeting of the school board at which the proposed action is taken if the public hearing is held before the action is taken. If a public hearing has been held prior to the effective date of this provision on a proposed consolidation, redistricting, or pupil assignment plan that is to be implemented after the effective date of this provision, an additional public hearing shall not be required;

9. (Expires July 1, 2028) At least annually, survey the school division to identify critical shortages of (i) teachers and administrative personnel by subject matter, (ii) specialized student support positions as that term is described in subsection O of § 22.1-253.13:2, and (iii) school bus drivers and report such critical shortages to the Superintendent and to the Virginia Retirement System; however, the school board may request the division superintendent to conduct such survey and submit such report to the school board, the Superintendent, and the Virginia Retirement System;

10. Ensure that the public schools within the school division are registered with the Department of State Police to receive from the State Police electronic notice of the registration, reregistration, or verification of registration information of any person required to register with the Sex Offender and Crimes Against Minors Registry pursuant to Chapter 9 (§ 9.1-900 et seq.) of Title 9.1 within that school division pursuant to § 9.1-914;

11. Ensure that at any back to school night event in the local school division to which the parents of enrolled students are invited, any such parent in attendance receives prominent notification of and access, in paper or electronic form, or both, to information about application and eligibility for free or reduced price meals for students and a fillable free or reduced price meals application that may be completed and submitted on site;

12. Ensure that the information sheet on the SNAP benefits program developed and provided by the Department of Social Services pursuant to subsection E of § 63.2-801 is sent home with each student enrolled in a public elementary or secondary school in the local school division at the beginning of each school year or, in the case of any student who enrolls after the beginning of the school year, as soon as practicable after enrollment;

13. Ensure that a fillable free or reduced price meals application is sent home with each student enrolled in a public elementary or secondary school in the local school division at the beginning of each school year or, in the case of any student who enrolls after the beginning of the school year, as soon as practicable after enrollment;

14. Permit any student enrolled in a public elementary or secondary school in the local school division who provides acceptable proof of identification as set forth in subdivision 15, if requested, and signs up in accordance with sign-up procedures for the respective school board meeting, to submit oral comments during any public comment or citizen participation portion of such meeting subject to the same reasonable time, place, and manner restrictions imposed by such school board on the expression of any other citizen participant in such meetings; and

15. Accept as proof of student identification for the purpose of providing oral public comment as permitted pursuant to subdivision 14 any current student identification card or other school document such as a report card or a personal school email address.

Code 1950, §§ 22-72, 22-97; 1954, cc. 289, 291; 1956, Ex. Sess., c. 60; 1959, Ex. Sess., c. 79, § 1; 1966, c. 691; 1968, c. 501; 1970, c. 71; 1971, Ex. Sess., c. 161; 1972, c. 511; 1975, cc. 308, 328; 1980, c. 559; 1985, c. 8; 1987, c. 402; 1991, cc. 553, 668; 1994, c. 596; 1996, cc. 485, 790, 798; 1997, c. 382; 2004, c. 563; 2006, cc. 857, 914; 2009, c. 459; 2013, cc. 588, 650; 2020, cc. 379, 437, 829; 2023, cc. 125, 350, 506, 507, 690, 707, 708; 2024, cc. 435, 689; 2026, cc. 67, 68.

Notes of Decisions

Cited in 16 cases (3 in the last 5 years), 1989–2026 · leading case: Tazewell Cnty. Sch. Bd. v. Brown, 591 S.E.2d 671 (Va. 2004).

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Tazewell Cnty. Sch. Bd. v. Brown, 591 S.E.2d 671 (Va. 2004). · cites it 50× “” Another statute, Code § 22.1-79(6), directs a school board to establish the other grievance procedure, which we shall call the “Local Grievance Procedure.”

Drewrey v. Portsmouth City Sch. Bd., 264 F. Supp. 3d 724 (E.D. Va. 2017). · cites it 6× “” R & R at 13 (citing Va. Code § 22.1-79). Additionally, as previously addressed, 6 local voters or local officials, not the Commonwealth, select school board members.”

Graham v. City of Manassas Sch. Bd., 390 F. Supp. 3d 702 (E.D. Va. 2019). · cites it 2× “" Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-79 (1), (2), (5). Under Virginia law, a principal is "the instructional leader and manager of the school and is responsible for," among other things, "[f]ostering the success of all students by developing, advocating, and sustaining an academically…”

Sullivan v. Warren Cnty. Sch. Bd., 49 Va. Cir. 226 (Warren Cir. Ct. 1999). · cites it 8× “Va. Code § 22.1-79(6). The parameters established for the Board of Education in establishing a grievance procedure are set forth in Virginia Code § 22.”

Cole v. Buchanan Cnty. Sch. Bd., 661 F. Supp. 2d 569 (W.D. Va. 2009). · cites it 2× “” Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-79 (5) (2006). In addition, voters in the county, or county officials, determine the composition of the county school board.”

Bacon v. City of Richmond, 419 F. Supp. 2d 849 (E.D. Va. 2006). · cites it 2× “) When viewed in conjunction with Virginia Code § 22.1-79, which places responsibility for the maintenance of school buildings with the School Board, the Court finds that the School Board has admitted liability.”

Pusey v. Riner, 26 Va. Cir. 321 (Fairfax Cir. Ct. 1992). · cites it 2× “Section 22.1-79(2) (1985 & Supp. 1991). The Court finds that this statute did not impose any duty on the defendants individually to the specific benefit of Pusey.”

B.M.H. v. Sch. Bd. of Chesapeake, 833 F. Supp. 560 (E.D. Va. 1993). · cites it 2× “Among the other Virginia statutes referred to by the Plaintiffs in their Amended Complaint are: Va.Code Ann. § 22.1-79 (Michie 1950), which states: A school board shall: 1.”

Cole v. Buchanan Cnty. Sch. Bd., 504 F. Supp. 2d 81 (W.D. Va. 2007). “§ 22.1-79 (2006) (setting forth powers and duties of school boards).”

Monica Drasovean v. Steven Walts (Va. Ct. App. 2024). · cites it 4× “Code § 22.1-79(5). Therefore, although Virginia exercises “limited involvement in some general standards for state-wide education,” the “concerns of [Virginia] school boards are primarily local.”

Spotsylvania Cnty. Sch. Bd. v. Sherman Constr. Corp., 14 Va. Cir. 333 (Spotsylvania Cir. Ct. 1989). · cites it 2× “Virginia Code § 22.1-79(3). (See generally Chapter 7 of Title 22.”

BMH BY CB v. Sch. Bd., 833 F. Supp. 560 (E.D. Va. 1993). · cites it 2× “[9] Among the other Virginia statutes referred to by the Plaintiffs in their Amended Complaint are: Va.Code Ann. § 22.1-79 (Michie 1950), which states: A school board shall: 1.”

Show all 16 citing cases →

— Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-79(2) — 1 case

Pusey v. Riner, 26 Va. Cir. 321 (Fairfax Cir. Ct. 1992). “Section 22.1-79(2) (1985 & Supp. 1991). The Court finds that this statute did not impose any duty on the defendants individually to the specific benefit of Pusey.”

— Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-79(3) — 1 case

Spotsylvania Cnty. Sch. Bd. v. Sherman Constr. Corp., 14 Va. Cir. 333 (Spotsylvania Cir. Ct. 1989). “Virginia Code § 22.1-79(3). (See generally Chapter 7 of Title 22.”

— Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-79(4) — 1 case

Carney v. City of Richmond, 72 Va. Cir. 250 (Richmond County Cir. Ct. 2006).

— Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-79(5) — 2 cases

Monica Drasovean v. Steven Walts (Va. Ct. App. 2024). “Code § 22.1-79(5). Therefore, although Virginia exercises “limited involvement in some general standards for state-wide education,” the “concerns of [Virginia] school boards are primarily local.”

Monica Drasovean v. Steven Walts (Va. Ct. App. 2024).

— Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-79(6) — 4 cases

Tazewell Cnty. Sch. Bd. v. Brown, 591 S.E.2d 671 (Va. 2004). “” Another statute, Code § 22.1-79(6), directs a school board to establish the other grievance procedure, which we shall call the “Local Grievance Procedure.”

Sullivan v. Warren Cnty. Sch. Bd., 49 Va. Cir. 226 (Warren Cir. Ct. 1999). “Va. Code § 22.1-79(6). The parameters established for the Board of Education in establishing a grievance procedure are set forth in Virginia Code § 22.”

Delosreyes (W.D. Va. 2026).

Payne v. Fairfax Cnty. Sch. Bd. (Va. 2014).

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