Revised Code of Washington
Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.005 (2026)
Definitions
✓ current as of May 2026
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Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, the definitions in this section apply throughout this chapter.
(1) "Automobile" means a passenger car as defined in RCW 46.04.382 registered or principally garaged in this state other than:
(a) A farm-type tractor or other self-propelled equipment designed for use principally off public roads;
(b) A vehicle operated on rails or crawler-treads;
(c) A vehicle located for use as a residence;
(d) A motor home as defined in RCW 46.04.305; or
(e) A moped as defined in RCW 46.04.304.
(2) "Bodily injury" means bodily injury, sickness, or disease, including death at any time resulting from the injury, sickness, or disease.
(3) "Income continuation benefits" means payments for the insured's loss of income from work, because of bodily injury sustained by the insured in an automobile accident, less income earned during the benefit payment period. The combined weekly payment an insured may receive under personal injury protection coverage, worker's compensation, disability insurance, or other income continuation benefits may not exceed eighty-five percent of the insured's weekly income from work. The benefit payment period begins fourteen days after the date of the automobile accident and ends at the earliest of the following:
(a) The date on which the insured is reasonably able to perform the duties of his or her usual occupation;
(b) Fifty-four weeks from the date of the automobile accident; or
(c) The date of the insured's death.
(4) "Insured automobile" means an automobile described on the declarations page of the policy.
(5) "Insured" means:
(a) The named insured or a person who is a resident of the named insured's household and is either related to the named insured by blood, marriage, or adoption, or is the named insured's ward, foster child, or stepchild; or
(b) A person who sustains bodily injury caused by accident while: (i) Occupying or using the insured automobile with the permission of the named insured; or (ii) a pedestrian accidentally struck by the insured automobile.
(6) "Loss of services benefits" means reimbursement for payment to others, not members of the insured's household, for expenses reasonably incurred for services in lieu of those the insured would usually have performed for his or her household without compensation, provided the services are actually rendered. The maximum benefit is forty dollars per day. Reimbursement for loss of services ends the earliest of the following:
(a) The date on which the insured person is reasonably able to perform those services;
(b) Fifty-two weeks from the date of the automobile accident; or
(c) The date of the insured's death.
(7) "Medical and hospital benefits" means payments for all reasonable and necessary expenses incurred by or on behalf of the insured for injuries sustained as a result of an automobile accident for health care services provided by persons licensed under Title 18 RCW, including pharmaceuticals, prosthetic devices and eyeglasses, and necessary ambulance, hospital, and professional nursing service. Medical and hospital benefits are payable for expenses incurred within three years from the date of the automobile accident.
(8) "Automobile liability insurance policy" means a policy insuring against loss resulting from liability imposed by law for bodily injury, death, or property damage suffered by any person and arising out of the ownership, maintenance, or use of an insured automobile. An automobile liability policy does not include:
(a) Vendors single interest or collateral protection coverage;
(b) General liability insurance; or
(c) Excess liability insurance, commonly known as an umbrella policy, where coverage applies only as excess to an underlying automobile policy.
(9) "Named insured" means the individual named in the declarations of the policy and includes his or her spouse if a resident of the same household.
(10) "Occupying" means in or upon or entering into or alighting from.
(11) "Pedestrian" means a natural person not occupying a motor vehicle as defined in RCW 46.04.320.
Notes:
Severability—1993 c 242: "If any provision of this act or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of the act or the application of the provision to other persons or circumstances is not affected." [ 1993 c 242 s 7.]
Effective date—1993 c 242: "Sections 1 through 5 of this act shall take effect July 1, 1994." [ 1993 c 242 s 8.]
Notes of Decisions
Cited in 30
cases (9 in the last 5 years), 1997–2024 · leading case: McLaughlin v. Travelers Com. Ins. Co., 476 P.3d 1032 (Wash. 2020).
McLaughlin v. Travelers Com. Ins. Co., 476 P.3d 1032 (Wash. 2020). “” RCW 48.22.005. While PIP provisions are included in chapter 48.”
Durant v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 419 P.3d 400 (Wash. 2018). “These are the only grounds for denial, limitation, or termination of medical and hospital services permitted pursuant to RCW 48.22.005(7), 48.22.095, or 48.22.100.”
Todd Mclaughlin v. Travelers Com. Ins. Co., 446 P.3d 654 (Wash. Ct. App. 2019). “But McLaughlin argues that the definition of "pedestrian" in RCW 48.22.005(11), which is part of Washington's Insurance Code, is automatically incorporated into the policy and includes a 4 No.”
Barriga Figueroa v. Prieto Mariscal, 441 P.3d 818 (Wash. 2019). “PIP insurance is designed to provide the insured with an immediate source of payment for out-of-pocket expenses resulting from an automobile accident. PIP benefits are available to an insured without proof of fault, and a pedestrian injured in an automobile accident is…”
Ainsworth v. Progressive Cas. Ins., 322 P.3d 6 (Wash. Ct. App. 2014). “On May 7, 1993, Washington State enacted a statute that required all state auto insurers to offer PIP no-fault coverage that was authorized, but not required to be offered, by the 1973 regulation.”
Patriot Gen. Ins. v. Gutierrez, 344 P.3d 1277 (Wash. Ct. App. 2015). “RCW 48.22.005. LAW AND ANALYSIS ¶11 On appeal, Patriot General Insurance Company complains that Jorge Gutierrez failed to list his son, Javier, as a member of Jorge’s household above the age of 14.”
Boag v. Farmers Ins. Co. of Washington, 69 P.3d 370 (Wash. Ct. App. 2003). “Also, her leave clearly does not meet the definition of "income continuation benefit" as defined in RCW 48.22.005(3). Finally, Boag contends that she will have to work several more years to offset her advanced pay.”
Joseph M. Thompson v. Progressive Direct Ins. Co., 438 P.3d 533 (Wash. Ct. App. 2019). “Progressive also stated its Policy was “in compliance with the statute [RCW 48.22.005 and RCW 48.22.030] on all points including on who an ‘insured person’ is, and more importantly what an ‘underinsured motor vehicle’ is.”
Boag v. Farmers Ins., 117 Wash. App. 116 (Wash. Ct. App. 2003). “Also, her leave clearly does not meet the definition of “income continuation benefit” as defined in RCW 48.22.005(3). Finally, Boag contends that she will have to work several more years to offset her advanced pay.”
Robertson v. Dorn (E.D. Wash. 2021). “RCW 48.22.005(1). “Insured” includes a “person who sustains 20 bodily injury caused by accident while .”
Folweiler Chiropractic, Ps v. Am. Fam. Ins. Co. (Wash. Ct. App. 2018). “Folweiler's complaint alleged that American Family's practice violated the PIP statute, RCW 48.22.005(7) and RCW 48.22.095, and the regulations defining unfair claims settlement practices in WAC 284-30-330.”
Carlos Pacheco v. Oregon Mut. Ins., 447 P.3d 207 (Wash. Ct. App. 2019). “"5 5 RCW 48.22.005 provides these definitions: (1)"Automobile" means a passenger car as defined in RCW 46.”
— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.005(1) — 3 cases
Robertson v. Dorn (E.D. Wash. 2021). “RCW 48.22.005(1). “Insured” includes a “person who sustains 20 bodily injury caused by accident while .”
Svetlana Koren v. State Farm Fire & Cas. Co. (Wash. Ct. App. 2018).
Carlos Pacheco v. Oregon Mut. Ins., 447 P.3d 207 (Wash. Ct. App. 2019). “"5 5 RCW 48.22.005 provides these definitions: (1)"Automobile" means a passenger car as defined in RCW 46.”
— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.005(11) — 3 cases
McLaughlin v. Travelers Com. Ins. Co., 476 P.3d 1032 (Wash. 2020). “” RCW 48.22.005. While PIP provisions are included in chapter 48.”
Todd Mclaughlin v. Travelers Com. Ins. Co., 446 P.3d 654 (Wash. Ct. App. 2019). “But McLaughlin argues that the definition of "pedestrian" in RCW 48.22.005(11), which is part of Washington's Insurance Code, is automatically incorporated into the policy and includes a 4 No.”
E.S. v. Regence BlueShield (W.D. Wash. 2022).
— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.005(2) — 1 case
Daley v. Allstate Ins., 936 P.2d 1185 (Wash. Ct. App. 1997).
— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.005(3) — 5 cases
Ainsworth v. Progressive Cas. Ins., 322 P.3d 6 (Wash. Ct. App. 2014). “On May 7, 1993, Washington State enacted a statute that required all state auto insurers to offer PIP no-fault coverage that was authorized, but not required to be offered, by the 1973 regulation.”
Boag v. Farmers Ins. Co. of Washington, 69 P.3d 370 (Wash. Ct. App. 2003). “Also, her leave clearly does not meet the definition of "income continuation benefit" as defined in RCW 48.22.005(3). Finally, Boag contends that she will have to work several more years to offset her advanced pay.”
Boag v. Farmers Ins., 117 Wash. App. 116 (Wash. Ct. App. 2003). “Also, her leave clearly does not meet the definition of “income continuation benefit” as defined in RCW 48.22.005(3). Finally, Boag contends that she will have to work several more years to offset her advanced pay.”
Progressive Cas. Ins. Co. v. Tyler Ainsworth (Wash. Ct. App. 2014).
Progressive Cas. Ins. Co. v. Tyler Ainsworth (Wash. Ct. App. 2014).
— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.005(5) — 4 cases
Joseph M. Thompson v. Progressive Direct Ins. Co., 438 P.3d 533 (Wash. Ct. App. 2019). “Progressive also stated its Policy was “in compliance with the statute [RCW 48.22.005 and RCW 48.22.030] on all points including on who an ‘insured person’ is, and more importantly what an ‘underinsured motor vehicle’ is.”
Robertson v. Dorn (E.D. Wash. 2021). “RCW 48.22.005(1). “Insured” includes a “person who sustains 20 bodily injury caused by accident while .”
Darcy M. Eberhart, V. Farmers Ins. Co. (Wash. Ct. App. 2023).
Ephrata Trucking Llc, Respondent/cr-appellants V. Phillip Traulsen, Appellant/cr-respondents (Wash. Ct. App. 2024).
— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.005(5)(a) — 3 cases
McLaughlin v. Travelers Com. Ins. Co., 476 P.3d 1032 (Wash. 2020). “” RCW 48.22.005. While PIP provisions are included in chapter 48.”
Joseph M. Thompson v. Progressive Direct Ins. Co., 438 P.3d 533 (Wash. Ct. App. 2019). “Progressive also stated its Policy was “in compliance with the statute [RCW 48.22.005 and RCW 48.22.030] on all points including on who an ‘insured person’ is, and more importantly what an ‘underinsured motor vehicle’ is.”
Ephrata Trucking Llc, Respondent/cr-appellants V. Phillip Traulsen, Appellant/cr-respondents (Wash. Ct. App. 2024).
— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.005(5)(b) — 1 case
Joseph M. Thompson v. Progressive Direct Ins. Co., 438 P.3d 533 (Wash. Ct. App. 2019). “Progressive also stated its Policy was “in compliance with the statute [RCW 48.22.005 and RCW 48.22.030] on all points including on who an ‘insured person’ is, and more importantly what an ‘underinsured motor vehicle’ is.”
— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.005(5)(b)(i) — 1 case
Joseph M. Thompson v. Progressive Direct Ins. Co., 438 P.3d 533 (Wash. Ct. App. 2019). “Progressive also stated its Policy was “in compliance with the statute [RCW 48.22.005 and RCW 48.22.030] on all points including on who an ‘insured person’ is, and more importantly what an ‘underinsured motor vehicle’ is.”
— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.005(5)(b)(ii) — 2 cases
Barriga Figueroa v. Prieto Mariscal, 441 P.3d 818 (Wash. 2019). “PIP insurance is designed to provide the insured with an immediate source of payment for out-of-pocket expenses resulting from an automobile accident. PIP benefits are available to an insured without proof of fault, and a pedestrian injured in an automobile accident is…”
Todd Mclaughlin v. Travelers Com. Ins. Co., 446 P.3d 654 (Wash. Ct. App. 2019). “But McLaughlin argues that the definition of "pedestrian" in RCW 48.22.005(11), which is part of Washington's Insurance Code, is automatically incorporated into the policy and includes a 4 No.”
— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.005(7) — 11 cases
Durant v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 419 P.3d 400 (Wash. 2018). “These are the only grounds for denial, limitation, or termination of medical and hospital services permitted pursuant to RCW 48.22.005(7), 48.22.095, or 48.22.100.”
Folweiler Chiropractic, Ps v. Am. Fam. Ins. Co. (Wash. Ct. App. 2018). “Folweiler's complaint alleged that American Family's practice violated the PIP statute, RCW 48.22.005(7) and RCW 48.22.095, and the regulations defining unfair claims settlement practices in WAC 284-30-330.”
Schiff v. Liberty Mut. Fire Ins. Co. (Wash. 2024).
Schiff v. Liberty Mut. Fire Ins. Co. (Wash. 2024).
Eastside Pt, Inc. & Summit Pt, Llc v. U.s. Auto. Ass'n & Usaa (Wash. Ct. App. 2019).
— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.005(8) — 1 case
Carlos Pacheco v. Oregon Mut. Ins., 447 P.3d 207 (Wash. Ct. App. 2019). “"5 5 RCW 48.22.005 provides these definitions: (1)"Automobile" means a passenger car as defined in RCW 46.”
— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.005(9) — 3 cases
Joseph M. Thompson v. Progressive Direct Ins. Co., 438 P.3d 533 (Wash. Ct. App. 2019). “Progressive also stated its Policy was “in compliance with the statute [RCW 48.22.005 and RCW 48.22.030] on all points including on who an ‘insured person’ is, and more importantly what an ‘underinsured motor vehicle’ is.”
Ephrata Trucking Llc, Respondent/cr-appellants V. Phillip Traulsen, Appellant/cr-respondents (Wash. Ct. App. 2024).
Quintana v. USAA Life Ins. Co. (W.D. Wash. 2020).
— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.005(l)(b) — 1 case
Am. States Ins. v. Bolin, 94 P.3d 1010 (Wash. Ct. App. 2004).
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