Milton Joseph Brown v. United States, 665 F.2d 271 (9th Cir. 1982). · Go Syfert
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Milton Joseph Brown v. United States, 665 F.2d 271 (9th Cir. 1982). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
20 citation events (1 in the last 25 years) across 9 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Summerlin v. Stewart (ca9, 2001-10-12)
Treatment trajectory · 1982 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1982 2004 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 11 distinct citers. How cited ↗
cited Cited as authority (rule) Summerlin v. Stewart
9th Cir. · 2001 · confidence medium
See Cuyler, 446 U.S. at 349-50 , 100 S.Ct. 1708 ; Hoffman, 733 F.2d at 601 ; Brown v. United States, 665 F.2d 271, 272 (9th Cir.1982).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) 95 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 7356, 95 Daily Journal D.A.R. 12,583 United States of America v. William D. Mett Marvin L. Wiseman Center Art Galleries--Hawaii, Ltd.
9th Cir. · 1995 · confidence medium
See Sanders v. Ratelle, 21 F.3d 1446, 1453-55 (1994) (failure to interview key potential witness; advising witness to invoke Fifth Amendment at client's trial); Miskinis, 966 F.2d at 1268 (failure to put on certain defenses and witnesses); Fitzpatrick v. McCormick, 869 F.2d 1247, 1252-54 (9th Cir.) (failure to present exculpatory evidence), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 872 , 110 S.Ct. 203 , 107 L.Ed.2d 156 (1989); Allen, 831 F.2d at 1496-97 (misrepresenting the relative culpability of codefendants); Brown v. United States, 665 F.2d 271, 272 (9th Cir.1982) (inadequate cross-examination); Hearst, 638 …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Mett
9th Cir. · 1995 · confidence medium
See Sanders v. Ratelle, 21 F.3d 1446, 1453-55 (1994) (failure to interview key potential witness; advising witness to invoke Fifth Amendment at client's trial); Miskinis, 966 F.2d at 1268 (failure to put on certain defenses and witnesses); Fitzpatrick v. McCormick, 869 F.2d 1247, 1252-54 (9th Cir.) (failure to present exculpatory evidence), ce rt. denied, 493 U.S. 872 , 110 S.Ct. 203 , 107 L.Ed.2d 156 (1989); Allen, 831 F.2d at 1496-97 (misrepresenting the relative culpability of codefendants); Brown v. United States, 665 F.2d 271, 272 (9th Cir.1982) (inadequate cross-examination); Hearst, 638…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Arthur Andrew Allen
9th Cir. · 1987 · confidence medium
Although the conflict must be actual rather than potential or speculative, yet the defendant “need not demonstrate prejudice in order to obtain relief.” Id. at 349-50 , 100 S.Ct. at 1718-19 ; Brown v. United States, 665 F.2d 271, 272 (9th Cir.1982); United States v. Hearst, 638 F.2d 1190, 1194 (9th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 451 U.S. 938 , 101 S.Ct. 2018 , 68 L.Ed.2d 325 (1981).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Sheila Frederick
6th Cir. · 1985 · confidence medium
Requiring counsel to object requires a decision by counsel implicating the defendant's right to conflict free counsel and counsel's own pecuniary interest in the case 2 United States v. Newman, 733 F.2d 1395, 1401 (10th Cir. 1984); Brien v. United States, 695 F.2d 10, 14 (1st Cir. 1982); Mers, 701 F.2d at 1328 3 Holloway, 435 U.S. at 489 ; Bradshaw, 719 F.2d at 915 ; Alvarez, 696 F.2d at 1310 ; Mers, 701 F.2d at 1327 ; United States v. Dressel, 742 F.2d 1256, 1259-60 (10th Cir. 1984); Brown v. United States, 665 F.2d 271, 272 (9th Cir. 1982); Benavidez, 664 F.2d at 1259 ; United States v. Risi…
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Jimmy Don Winkle
10th Cir. · 1983 · confidence medium
In Brown v. United States, 665 F.2d 271, 272 (9th Cir.1982), the court of appeals again remanded, reasoning that the weight of evidence cannot of itself justify denial of relief. 9 .
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States Ex Rel. Sullivan v. Cuyler
E.D. Pa. · 1982 · confidence medium
See e.g., United States v. Heldt, 668 F.2d 1238 , 1277 n. 83 (D.C.Cir.1982), cert. denied, 456 U.S. 926 , 102 S.Ct. 1971 , 72 L.Ed.2d 440 (1982); Brown v. United States, 665 F.2d 271, 272-73 (9th Cir.1982); United States v. Ramsey, 661 F.2d 1013, 1018 (4th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 455 U.S. 1005 , 102 S.Ct. 1642 , 71 L.Ed.2d 874 (1982); Baty v. Balkcom, supra, 661 F.2d at 396-97; Turnquest v. Wainwright, 651 F.2d 331, 334 (8th Cir.1981); Camera v. Fogg, supra, 658 F.2d at 87 ; United States ex rel.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. James K. Green (2×)
D.C. Cir. · 1982 · confidence medium
See Presentencing Report at 3; Affidavit of Trial Counsel at 1-2 9 Presentencing Report at 3 10 But cf. Slappy v. Morris, 649 F.2d 718, 720-21 (9th Cir. 1981); United States v. Barnes, 662 F.2d 777, 781 (D.C.Cir.1980); United States v. Mardian, 546 F.2d 973, 979-81 (D.C.Cir.1976); United States v. Seale, 461 F.2d 345, 356-61 (7th Cir. 1972); Brown v. Craven, 424 F.2d 1166, 1169-70 (9th Cir. 1970) (all discussing parameters of defendant's right to counsel of his choice) 11 Cuyler seems to require both that the conflict of interest between lawyer and client be "actual" rather than "potential," a…
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Barry J. Hoffman (2×)
9th Cir. · 1984 · signal: see · confidence high
See Brown v. United States, 665 F.2d 271 (9th Cir.1982); United States v. Hearst, 638 F.2d 1190, 1193-94 (9th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 451 U.S. 938 , 101 S.Ct. 2018 , 68 L.Ed.2d 325 (1981).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Robert E. Tucker (2×)
9th Cir. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See Brown v. United States, 665 F.2d 271, 273 (9th Cir.1982) (Tang, J., concurring) (describing Cooper as “actual prejudice” test); United States v. Hearst, 638 F.2d 1190, 1194 (9th Cir.1980) (Cuyler v. Sullivan showing of adverse effect not same as Cooper showing of “actual prejudice”), cert. denied, 451 U.S. 938 , 101 S.Ct. 2018 , 68 L.Ed.2d 325 (1981); United States v. Coupez, 603 F.2d 1347, 1350 (9th Cir.1979) (stating requirement as “actual prejudice”); see also United States v. Winston, 613 F.2d 221, 224 (9th Cir.1980) (no “substantial prejudice” from counsel’s failure …
cited Cited "see" James A. Brien v. United States
1st Cir. · 1982 · signal: see · confidence high
See Brown v. United States, 665 F.2d 271 (9th Cir.1982).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Milton Joseph BROWN, Petitioner-Appellant,
v.
UNITED STATES of America, Respondent-Appellee
81-3006.
Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.
Jan 7, 1982.
665 F.2d 271
Douglas Pope, Anchorage, Alaska, for petitioner-appellant., U. S. Atty. Rene J. Gonzalez, Anchorage, Alaska, for respondent-appellee.
Chambers, Tang, Thompson.
Cited by 19 opinions  |  Published
Reporter's Syllabus — editorial summary, not part of the Court's opinion

Douglas Pope, Anchorage, Alaska, for petitioner-appellant.

U. S. Atty. Rene J. Gonzalez, Anchorage, Alaska, for respondent-appellee.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of Alaska.

Before CHAMBERS and TANG, Circuit Judges, and THOMPSON,* District Judge.

CHAMBERS, Circuit Judge:

Lead Opinion

CHAMBERS, Circuit Judge:

Appellant was convicted of narcotics offenses in 1975 and thereafter filed a motion to vacate his sentence (28 U.S.C. § 2255) on the ground of ineffective assistance of counsel. He asserted that unknown to him his trial attorney had simultaneously been representing a DEA agent who had testified against him at the trial. The district judge denied relief and this court, relying on Cooper v. Fitzharris, 586 F.2d 1325 (9th Cir. 1978), affirmed judgment, finding an insufficient showing of prejudice. Brown v. United States, 605 F.2d 561 (9th Cir. 1979). The Supreme Court, 446 U.S. 2936, 100 S.Ct. 2936, 64 L.Ed.2d 821, vacated the judgment and remanded for further consideration in the light of Cuyler v. Sullivan, 466 U.S. 335, 100 S.Ct. 1708, 64 L.Ed.2d 333, 625 F.2d 210 (1980). We thereafter remanded the case to the district court to permit it to rule on the question.

On remand the district judge found explicitly that a conflict of interest did exist in the dual representation. But the district judge continued:

“However, the court cannot find, based on a thorough re-examination of the whole record in this case, that such conflict adversely affected defense counsel’s performance. The government’s incriminating evidence in this case was massive to the hundreds of exhibits. The defendant was awash in a sea of adverse evidence, which, in short overwhelmingly established this defendant’s guilt. The court, then, specifically finds that the existing conflict of interest, under all the circumstances of this case, did not adversely affect, counsel’s performance, and the court so rules in response to the remand of the Court of Appeals.”

Appellant has again appealed and says that the district judge did not use the correct test under Cuyler. We must agree. The weight of evidence against Brown (even such overwhelming evidence as the district judge found here) cannot, of itself, justify the denial of relief under § 2255 once there has been a finding of actual conflict of interest from cases (e. g. Cooper v. Fitzharris, supra) where conflict of interest is not in issue:

“We read Sullivan [Cuyler v. Sullivan ] to define an actual, as opposed to a potential, conflict as one which in fact adversely affects the lawyer’s performance. But the requirement that the petitioner show this adverse effect is not the same as the requirement of Cooper v. Fitzharris, 586 F.2d 1325 (9th Cir. 1978), cert. denied, 440 U.S. 974 [99 S.Ct. 1542, 59 L.Ed.2d 793] (1979), that the petitioner show that counsel’s incompetent assistance resulted in actual prejudice. But such evidence would be completely irrelevant to an inquiry whether the same error, if caused by an actual conflict of interest, showed an adverse effect on counsel’s performance." (Emphasis supplied.)

The test, as stated in Cuyler, is whether the conflict of interest adversely affected the performance of Brown’s attorney. This is a question that a trial judge, who has seen the attorney in action, is uniquely equipped to answer. We, therefore, remand the case again to permit the trial judge this opportunity, now with the added guidance that Hearst [U. S. v. Hearst, 638 F.2d 1190 (9th Cir. 1980)] provides.

[*273] Remand for proceedings not inconsistent herewith.

Concurrence

TANG, Circuit Judge,

concurring:

I fully concur in the above opinion. I write separately only to highlight the standards that should govern the district court’s determination on remand. The district court concluded that the appellant’s representation was not adversely affected because further cross-examination of the D.E.A. agent was highly unlikely to change the verdict against the appellant. Although this is the proper inquiry under the “actual prejudice” test of Cooper v. Fitzharris, 586 F.2d 1325 (9th Cir. 1978) (en banc), cert. denied, 440 U.S. 974, 99 S.Ct. 1542, 59 L.Ed.2d 793 (1979), it is not the inquiry required by Cuyler v. Sullivan, 446 U.S. 335, 100 S.Ct. 1708, 64 L.Ed.2d 333 (1980). To satisfy Cuyler, the district court must determine whether the appellant’s attorney refrained from a more vigorous cross-examination of the D.E.A. agent because of his divided loyalties, and, if so, whether the appellant’s representation would have benefited even marginally from a more aggressive cross-examination.