Biggan v. City of New York, 2021 NY Slip Op 01501 (N.Y. App. Div. 2021). · Go Syfert
Biggan v. City of New York, 2021 NY Slip Op 01501 (N.Y. App. Div. 2021). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
G Cite
cited 3× by 1 distinct case · …right whether to like black people, at p. 499 ⚠ not in text
14 citation events (14 in the last 25 years) across 2 distinct courts.
Top citers, strongest first. 5 distinct citers. How cited ↗
examined Cited as authority (rule) Taylor v. City of New York (3×)
N.Y. App. Div. · 2026 · confidence medium
Toczek's remark that he has a "right [whether] to like [B]lack people," directed at plaintiff, was facially discriminatory and is alone sufficient to defeat summary judgment ( see id. ; Biggan v City of New York , 192 AD3d 498, 499 [1st Dept 2021]).
examined Cited as authority (rule) Shibley v. City of New York (4×)
N.Y. Sup. Ct., New York Cty. · 2026 · confidence medium
However, although the task may be difficult, drawing such a line is not impossible, and it is clearly established: a racially motivated comment is one that is imbued with, indicates, or otherwise signals a particular view about a group ( Biggan v City of New York , 192 AD3d 498, 499 [1st Dept 2021] [plaintiff's allegation that defendants gave her a t-shirt with the words "I'm dope" did not demonstrate an inference of discrimination because the conduct failed to signal views about the role of disabled people in the workplace]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Yuliano v. Central Park W. Orthodontics P.C.
N.Y. Sup. Ct., New York Cty. · 2025 · confidence medium
A single offensive remark or comment in some circumstances may suffice to state a claim for a hostile work environment under the City HRL (see Riggan v City of New York, 192 AD3d 498, 499 [1st Dept 2021]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Crump v. City of New York
N.Y. Sup. Ct., New York Cty. · 2024 · confidence medium
Under the NYCHRL, a single comment may be sufficient for a hostile work environment claim, provided the comment “is made in circumstances where such comment or incident would signal views about the role of … people [sharing the plaintiff’s protected characteristic] in the workplace” (Biggan v City of New York, 192 AD3d 498, 499 [1st Dept 2021]).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Matter of Mutual Apts., Inc. v. New York City Commn. on Human Rights
N.Y. App. Div. · 2022 · signal: see also · confidence low
In order for a complainant to state a prima facie case of disability based discrimination under the NYCHRL, the complainant must show that: (1) he or she has a disability, (2) the covered entity knew or should have known of the [*3]disability, (3) an accommodation would enable the complainant to use or enjoy his or her housing accommodation, and (4) the covered entity refused to provide an accommodation ( see Roberman v Alamo Drafthouse Cinemas Holdings, LLC , 67 Misc 3d 182 , 185 [Sup Ct, Kings County]; see also Biggan v City of New York , 192 AD3d 498, 499 ; Matter of Marine Holdings, LLC v …
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Biggan
v.
City of New York
Index No. 21758/14 Appeal No. 13359 Case No. 2019-5666.
Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York.
Mar 16, 2021.
2021 NY Slip Op 01501
Cited by 3 opinions  |  Published
Biggan v City of New York (2021 NY Slip Op 01501)
Biggan v City of New York
2021 NY Slip Op 01501
Decided on March 16, 2021
Appellate Division, First Department
Published by New York State Law Reporting Bureau pursuant to Judiciary Law § 431.
This opinion is uncorrected and subject to revision before publication in the Official Reports.


Decided and Entered: March 16, 2021
Before: Manzanet-Daniels, J.P., Mazzarelli, Mendez, Shulman, JJ.

Index No. 21758/14 Appeal No. 13359 Case No. 2019-5666

[*1]Hannah Biggan, Plaintiff-Appellant,

v

City of New York et al., Defendants-Respondents.




Borrelli & Associates, P.L.L.C., New York (Caitlin Duffy of counsel), for appellant.

James E. Johnson, Corporation Counsel, New York (Mackenzie Fillow of counsel), for respondents.



Order, Supreme Court, Bronx County (Ruben Franco, J.), entered on or about May 3, 2019, which granted defendants' motion for summary judgment dismissing the complaint, unanimously affirmed, without costs.

Plaintiff, a former custodian for the New York City Police Department (NYPD), alleged that, in May 2013, two NYPD police officers, defendants Nicholas Konner and John Repetti, approached her at work and directed her to wear an oversized t-shirt with the words "I'm Dope" on it. She alleged that Repetti directed her to stand next to Konner and then took a picture of her in the outfit, and that both officers laughed at her during the incident. Plaintiff alleged that, as a result of defendants' conduct, her emotional and psychological state deteriorated and she required psychiatric hospitalization. She alleged that defendants created a hostile work environment and failed to accommodate her physical and mental disabilities.

Defendants met their prima facie burden of showing that the officers' conduct was an isolated incident that constituted a "petty slight[] or trivial inconvenience[]" (Buchwald v Silverman Shin & Byrne PLLC, 149 AD3d 560, 560 [1st Dept 2017] [internal quotation marks omitted]); see also Ellison v Chartis Claims, Inc., 178 AD3d 665, 669 [2d Dept 2019], lv dismissed 35 NY3d 997 [2020]). Defendants submitted evidence showing that plaintiff was friends with the officers and regularly received free t-shirts from Repetti and other officers in the precinct. Moreover, Konner testified that plaintiff had asked him for the t-shirt, that he had given the t-shirt to two other officers, and that he told her the words "I'm Dope" meant "I'm fresh." Furthermore, defendants submitted evidence showing that, contrary to plaintiff's interpretation, the t-shirt featured the title of a New York-based rapper's mixtape and conveyed a positive message having nothing to do with intellectual disability.

Plaintiff's evidence fails to show that discrimination was a motivating factor for defendants' conduct (see Chin v New York City Hous. Auth., 106 AD3d 443, 444-445 [1st Dept 2013], lv denied 22 NY3d 861 [2014]). She admitted that neither Konner nor Repetti had treated her poorly in the past, and that she was not upset about the t-shirt until her sister misguidedly told her that the words depicted meant "I'm stupid."

To be sure, a single comment or incident may be actionable under the City Human Rights Law (HRL) if made in circumstances where such comment or incident would signal views about the role of disabled people in the workplace (see Hernandez, 103 AD3d 106, 115 [1st Dept 2012]). However, the isolated incident here, and the circumstances surrounding it, do not meet this threshold (see Golston-Green v City of New York, 184 AD3d 24, 42-43 [2d Dept 2020]).

As for plaintiff's reasonable accommodation claim, defendants demonstrated that plaintiff was granted the accommodation that she sought for her knee impairment (see Porter v City of New York, 128 AD3d [*2]448, 449 [1st Dept 2015]). She denied seeking any other accommodation for a physical or mental disability during her tenure with the NYPD. Although, under the City HRL, employers are obligated to reasonably accommodate a disability that it knew or should have known about, the facts in this case do not compel a finding that defendants violated this obligation (cf. Chernov v Securities Training Corp., 146 AD3d 493, 493-494 [1st Dept 2017]).

We have considered plaintiff's remaining arguments and find them unavailing.

THIS CONSTITUTES THE DECISION AND ORDER

OF THE SUPREME COURT, APPELLATE DIVISION, FIRST DEPARTMENT.

ENTERED: March 16, 2021