People v. Ballerstein, 52 A.D.3d 1192 (N.Y. App. Div. 2008). · Go Syfert
People v. Ballerstein, 52 A.D.3d 1192 (N.Y. App. Div. 2008). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
37 citation events (37 in the last 25 years) across 1 distinct court.
Treatment trajectory · 2009 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
2009 2017 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 16 distinct citers. How cited ↗
examined Cited as authority (rule) People v. Williams (3×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
N.Y. App. Div. · 2025 · confidence medium
We do agree that the prosecutor improperly commented that it was the jury's function to protect the young victim — commentary that misstates the jury's "ultimate responsibility — determining facts relevant to guilt or innocence" ( People v Calabria , 94 NY2d 519, 523 [2000]; see People v Riback , 13 NY3d 416, 423 [2009]; People v Wright , 133 AD3d 1097, 1098 [3d Dept 2015]; People v Ballerstein , 52 AD3d 1192, 1994 [4th Dept 2008]; People v LaPorte , 306 AD2d 93 , 97 [1st Dept 2003]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Blauvelt
N.Y. App. Div. · 2017 · confidence medium
The prosecutor acted improperly in repeatedly asking leading questions of his witnesses (see generally People v Ballerstein, 52 AD3d 1192, 1194 [4th Dept 2008]; People v Bhupsingh, 297 AD2d 386, 387-388 [2d Dept 2002]), and in introducing hearsay evidence (see Huston, 88 NY2d at 406-407 ; People v Pelchat, 62 NY2d 97, 106 [1984]; People v Gordon, 101 AD3d 1473 , 1474-1476 [3d Dept 2012]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Case
N.Y. App. Div. · 2017 · confidence medium
“We can only conclude herein that the prosecutor’s ‘inflammatory [comments had] a decided tendency to prejudice the jury against the defendant’ ” (People v Ballerstein, 52 AD3d 1192, 1194 [2008], quoting People v Ashwal, 39 NY2d 105, 110 [1976]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Gross
N.Y. App. Div. · 2014 · confidence medium
Defendant’s attorney stated in his affirmation that trial counsel explained to him that she did not expect that the prosecution expert, who was not a treating physician but only conducted a forensic examination of the victim, would be permitted to repeat the allegations (see People v Ballerstein, 52 AD3d 1192, 1193 [2008]), and that she did not consult an expert inasmuch as the victim’s examination was normal (cf. Okongwu, 71 AD3d at 1395 ).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Gross
N.Y. App. Div. · 2014 · confidence medium
Defendant’s attorney stated in his affirmation that trial counsel explained to him that she did not expect that the prosecution expert, who was not a treating physician but only conducted a forensic examination of the victim, would be permitted to repeat the allegations (see People v Ballerstein, 52 AD3d 1192, 1193 [2008]), and that she did not consult an expert inasmuch as the victim’s examination was normal (cf. Okongwu, 71 AD3d at 1395 ).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Riley
N.Y. App. Div. · 2014 · confidence medium
With respect to the preserved instance of alleged misconduct, we agree with defendant that the prosecutor improperly appealed to the jurors’ sympathies (see People v Fisher, 18 NY3d 964, 967 [2012]; People v Ballerstein, 52 AD3d 1192, 1194 [2008]), but we conclude that the court’s prompt curative instruction was sufficient to alleviate any prejudice to defendant (see People v Chatt, 77 AD3d 1285, 1287 [2010], lv denied 17 NY3d 793 [2011]; People v Cooley, 50 AD3d 1548, 1549 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 957 [2008]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Riley
N.Y. App. Div. · 2014 · confidence medium
With respect to the preserved instance of alleged misconduct, we agree with defendant that the prosecutor improperly appealed to the jurors’ sympathies (see People v Fisher, 18 NY3d 964, 967 [2012]; People v Ballerstein, 52 AD3d 1192, 1194 [2008]), but we conclude that the court’s prompt curative instruction was sufficient to alleviate any prejudice to defendant (see People v Chatt, 77 AD3d 1285, 1287 [2010], lv denied 17 NY3d 793 [2011]; People v Cooley, 50 AD3d 1548, 1549 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 957 [2008]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Slishevsky
N.Y. App. Div. · 2012 · confidence medium
We agree with defendant, however, that the cumulative effect of evidentiary errors made by County Court, coupled with prosecutorial misconduct, deprived him of his right to a fair trial (see generally People v Ballerstein, 52 AD3d 1192, 1192-1193 [2008]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Slishevsky
N.Y. App. Div. · 2012 · confidence medium
We agree with defendant, however, that the cumulative effect of evidentiary errors made by County Court, coupled with prosecutorial misconduct, deprived him of his right to a fair trial (see generally People v Ballerstein, 52 AD3d 1192, 1192-1193 [2008]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Kilbury
N.Y. App. Div. · 2011 · confidence medium
We agree with defendant, however, that defense counsel should have objected to a prosecutorial comment on summation that had the potential to deflect the attention of the jurors from the issues of defendant’s guilt or innocence and to “cause them instead to focus on protecting the victim and correcting an alleged error in the child protective system” (People v Ballerstein, 52 AD3d 1192, 1194 [2008]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Presha (2×)
N.Y. App. Div. · 2011 · confidence medium
Finally, the prosecutor remarked during summation that the victim was “so cute” and the “most conscientious, respectful kid [she had] ever seen.” Such remarks improperly appealed to the sympathy of the jury (see People v Ballerstein, 52 AD3d 1192, 1194 [2008]; People v Bowie, 200 AD2d 511, 512-513 [1994], lv denied 83 NY2d 869 [1994]), and improperly vouched for the credibility of the victim (see People v Moye, 12 NY3d 743 [2009]; Ballerstein, 52 AD3d at 1194).
discussed Cited "see" People v. Griffin
N.Y. App. Div. · 2015 · signal: see · confidence high
The prosecutor also improperly appealed to the sympathies of the jury by extolling the complainant’s “bravery” in calling the police and testifying against defendant (see People v Smith, 288 AD2d 496, 497 [2001]; People v Andre, 185 AD2d 276, 278 [1992]; see generally People v Ballerstein, 52 AD3d 1192, 1194 [2008]).
discussed Cited "see" GRIFFIN, DARRELL J., PEOPLE v
N.Y. App. Div. · 2015 · signal: see · confidence high
The prosecutor also improperly appealed to the sympathies of the jury by extolling the complainant’s “bravery” in calling the police and testifying against defendant (see People v Smith, 288 AD2d 496, 497 ; People v Andre, 185 AD2d 276, 278 ; see generally People v Ballerstein, 52 AD3d 1192, 1194 ).
discussed Cited "see" People v. Griffin
N.Y. App. Div. · 2015 · signal: see · confidence high
The prosecutor also improperly appealed to the sympathies of the jury by extolling the complainant’s “bravery” in calling the police and testifying against defendant (see People v Smith, 288 AD2d 496, 497 [2001]; People v Andre, 185 AD2d 276, 278 [1992]; see generally People v Ballerstein, 52 AD3d 1192, 1194 [2008]).
discussed Cited "see" People v. Scheidelman
N.Y. App. Div. · 2015 · signal: see · confidence high
Although defendant failed to preserve his challenges for our review (see generally People v Santiago, 22 NY3d 740, 749-750 [2014]), we exercise our power to review them as a matter of discretion in the interest of justice (see CPL 470.15 [6] [a]; People v McClary, 85 AD3d 1622, 1624 [2011]), inasmuch as “we are mindful of our ‘overriding responsibility’ to ensure that ‘the cardinal right of a defendant to a fair trial’ is respected in every instance” (People v Wlasiuk, 32 AD3d 674, 675 [2006], lv dismissed 7 NY3d 871 [2006], quoting People v Crimmins, 36 NY2d 230, 238 [1975]; see P…
discussed Cited "see" People v. Scheidelman
N.Y. App. Div. · 2015 · signal: see · confidence high
Although defendant failed to preserve his challenges for our review (see generally People v Santiago, 22 NY3d 740, 749-750 [2014]), we exercise our power to review them as a matter of discretion in the interest of justice (see CPL 470.15 [6] [a]; People v McClary, 85 AD3d 1622, 1624 [2011]), inasmuch as “we are mindful of our ‘overriding responsibility’ to ensure that ‘the cardinal right of a defendant to a fair trial’ is respected in every instance” (People v Wlasiuk, 32 AD3d 674, 675 [2006], lv dismissed 7 NY3d 871 [2006], quoting People v Crimmins, 36 NY2d 230, 238 [1975]; see P…
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
The People of the State of New York
v.
Scott D. Ballerstein
Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York.
Jun 6, 2008.
52 A.D.3d 1192
Cited by 27 opinions  |  Published

Appeal from a judgment of the Wyoming County Court (Mark H. Dadd, J.), rendered December 7, 2006. The judgment convicted defendant, upon a jury verdict, of course of sexual conduct against a child in the first degree and sexual abuse in the first degree.

It is hereby ordered that the judgment so appealed from is unanimously reversed as a matter of discretion in the interest of justice and on the law and a new trial is granted.

Memorandum: Defendant appeals from a judgment convicting bim upon a jury verdict of course of sexual conduct against a child in the first degree (Penal Law § 130.75 [1] [a]) and sexual abuse in the first degree (§ 130.65 [3]). We reject defendant’s contention that the verdict is against the weight of the evidence (see generally People v Bleakley, 69 NY2d 490, 495 [1987]). We[*1193] agree with defendant, however, that the cumulative effect of evidentiary errors and prosecutorial misconduct deprived him of his right to a fair trial. We note at the outset that, although certain evidentiary errors and instances of prosecutorial misconduct are not preserved for our review (see CPL 470.05 [2]), we exercise our power to address them as a matter of discretion in the interest of justice (see CPL 470.15 [6] [a]), inasmuch as “we are mindful of our ‘overriding responsibility’ to ensure that ‘the cardinal right of a defendant to a fair trial’ is respected in every instance” (People v Wlasiuk, 32 AD3d 674, 675 [2006], lv dismissed 7 NY3d 871 [2006], quoting People v Crimmins, 36 NY2d 230, 238 [1975]).

Addressing first the cumulative effect of evidentiary errors, we agree with defendant that County Court erred in admitting hearsay, including excerpts from the victim’s diary, testimony relating to the victim’s menstruation, testimony from the ex-boyfriend of the victim’s mother concerning a videotape that he never viewed, and testimony from various witnesses concerning the victim’s allegations of sexual abuse. We note in particular that the court admitted in evidence the double hearsay testimony of the medical director of the Child Advocacy Center with respect to statements made by the victim to a nurse at the center when the medical director was not present, despite the fact that the court had granted defendant’s motion in limine seeking to preclude that testimony. Moreover, all of the victim’s statements made at the Child Advocacy Center were inadmissible because they were made during the course of a forensic examination and were not “relevant to diagnosis and treatment” (People v Bradley, 15 AD3d 840, 841 [2005], lv denied 4 NY3d 851 [2005]; see People v Brown [Burcham], 262 AD2d 328 [1999], lv denied 94 NY2d 820 [1999]; cf. People v Thomas, 282 AD2d 827, 828 [2001], lv denied 96 NY2d 925 [2001]). The error in the admission of the victim’s statements made at the Child Advocacy Center was compounded by the improper admission of the medical director’s opinion testimony concerning the credibility of the victim’s statements. The opinion testimony of the medical director improperly intruded upon the function of the jury to determine whether to credit the victim’s statements (see People v Eberle, 265 AD2d 881, 882 [1999]). Nevertheless, we conclude that the court properly admitted the testimony of the medical director that the victim was acting out sexually. He testified that such behavior could be a sign of sexual abuse, although there could be other explanations for that behavior, and he was properly allowed to testify as an expert on that issue because his testimony was “not within the ken of a typical juror” (People v Cintron, 75 NY2d 249, 267 [1990]; see generally Matter of Nicole V., 71 NY2d 112, 120-122 [1987]).

[*1194] With respect to the contention of defendant that he was denied a fair trial by prosecutorial misconduct, we agree with defendant that the prosecutor improperly appealed to the jurors’ sympathies in his opening statement (see People v Brown, 26 AD3d 392, 393 [2006]). In addition, he improperly vouched for the credibility of the victim (see id.; People v George, 249 AD2d 488 [1998], lv denied 92 NY2d 879 [1998]), and he engaged in misconduct by commenting on the credibility of an individual whom he did not intend to call as a witness. Further, throughout the trial, the prosecutor asked leading questions that circumvented unfavorable rulings of the court and introduced evidence that the court had precluded him from presenting. Finally, in his closing statement, the prosecutor made several “irrelevant comments which [had] no bearing on any legitimate issue in the case” (People v Ashwal, 39 NY2d 105, 109 [1976]) and, in stating that “[p]rosecutors seek justice and juries deliver it in cases such as these,” he “exceed[ed] the bounds of legitimate advocacy” (People v Melendez, 11 AD3d 983, 984 [2004], lv denied 4 NY3d 888 [2005]; see People v Benedetto, 294 AD2d 958, 959 [2002]). Furthermore, the prosecutor impermissibly warned the jury not to “fall into the same trap the Department of Social Services has fallen into,” whereby the victim “got lost in the system.” “Such appeals to emotion tend to deflect the jurors’ attention from issues of fact on the question of guilt or innocence” (People v Bowie, 200 AD2d 511, 513 [1994], lv denied 83 NY2d 869 [1994]), and cause them instead to focus on protecting the victim and correcting an alleged error in the child protective system (see generally People v Ivey, 83 AD2d 788, 789 [1981]). We can only conclude herein that the prosecutor’s “inflammatory [comments had] a decided tendency to prejudice the jury against the defendant” (Ashwal, 39 NY2d at 110; see People v Carter, 31 AD3d 1167, 1169 [2006]; People v Almethoky, 9 AD3d 882 [2004]).

We thus conclude that reversal is required based upon the cumulative effect of evidentiary errors and prosecutorial misconduct, which substantially prejudiced defendant’s rights (see generally People v Calabria, 94 NY2d 519, 523 [2000]). In light of our determination, we do not reach defendant’s remaining contention. Present—Centra, J.P, Lunn, Peradotto, Green and Pine, JJ.