missing witness instruction (Illinois) · Go Syfert
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missing witness instruction in Illinois

38 Illinois opinions name it 2 courts 1985–2026 1 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Illinois courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (11)

CaseFollowedCited
Taylor v. Kohligreen
ill · 1994 · cited in 9 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 1995–2007
2 sentences

2007"In general, the missing-witness instruction is available when[] (1) the missing witness was under the control of the party to be charged and could have been produced by reasonable diligence; (2) the witness was not equally available to the opposing party; (3) a reasonably prudent person would have produced the witness if he believed that the testimony would be favorable; and (4) there is no reasonable excuse shown for the failure to produce the witness." Taylor v. Kohli, 162 Ill. 2d 91, 97 , 642 N.E.2d 467, 469 (1994).

2007"In general, the missing-witness instruction is available when[] (1) the missing witness was under the control of the party to be charged and could have been produced by reasonable diligence; (2) the witness was not equally available to the opposing party; (3) a reasonably prudent person would have produced the witness if he believed that the testimony would be favorable; and (4) there is no reasonable excuse shown for the failure to produce the witness." Taylor v. Kohli, 162 Ill. 2d 91, 97 , 642 N.E.2d 467, 469 (1994).

49
Simmons v. University of Chicago Hospitals & Clinicsgreen
ill · 1994 · cited in 4 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 1996–2007
2 sentences

2007Simmons v. University of Chicago Hospitals & Clinics, 162 Ill. 2d 1, 7 , 642 N.E.2d 107, 110 (1994).

2007Simmons v. University of Chicago Hospitals & Clinics, 162 Ill. 2d 1, 7 , 642 N.E.2d 107, 110 (1994).

34
Myre v. Kroger Co.green
illappct · 1988 · cited in 3 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 1994–2005
2 sentences

2005Myre v. Kroger Co., 176 Ill.

1994The trial court should give the missing witness instruction if the court "makes a preliminary determination that a party, in all likelihood, would have produced a witness or evidence unless that witness or evidence was unfavorable to it. [Citation.] The instruction allows a jury to draw an adverse inference from a party’s failure to offer evidence or to produce a witness when: (1) the evidence or witness is under his control and could have been produced through reasonable diligence; (2) the other party did not have equal opportunity to obtain the evidence or witness; (3) the evidence or witnes

23
People v. Woodsgreen
illappct · 1997 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 1999–2009
2 sentences

2009Justice Cook stated that “Q]udges in civil cases should be reluctant to give a missing witness instruction” and “[i]n criminal cases judges must be even more careful.” Woods, 292 Ill.

1999See People v. Woods, 292 Ill.

22
Dillon v. Evanston Hospitalgreen
ill · 2002 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
2 sentences

2007Memorial next argues that the trial court erred in giving, over its objection, an improper nonpattern jury instruction allowing Brandon to recover damages for "an increased risk of a decreased life expectancy as a result of the defendants' negligence." "In Illinois, the parties are entitled to have the jury instructed on the issues presented, the principles of law to be applied, and the necessary facts to be proved to support its verdict." Dillon v. Evanston Hospital, 199 Ill. 2d 483, 505 , 771 N.E.2d 357, 371 (2002).

2007Memorial next argues that the trial court erred in giving, over its objection, an improper nonpattern jury instruction allowing Brandon to recover damages for "an increased risk of a decreased life expectancy as a result of the defendants' negligence." "In Illinois, the parties are entitled to have the jury instructed on the issues presented, the principles of law to be applied, and the necessary facts to be proved to support its verdict." Dillon v. Evanston Hospital, 199 Ill. 2d 483, 505 , 771 N.E.2d 357, 371 (2002).

22
Adami v. Belmontegreen
illappct · 1998 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
2 sentences

2005See Adami, 302 Ill.

2005See Adami , 302 Ill.

22
Betts v. Manville Personal Injury Settlement Trustgreen
illappct · 1992 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2003–2003
2 sentences

2003Citing to Betts v. Manville Personal Injury Settlement Trust , 225 Ill.

2003Citing to Betts v. Mancille Personal Injury Settlement Trust, 225 Ill.

22
Jenkins v. Dominick's Finer Foods, Inc.green
illappct · 1997 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2003–2003
2 sentences

2003Jenkins , 288 Ill.

2003See Jenkins , 288 Ill.

22
Hajian v. Holy Family Hospitalgreen
illappct · 1995 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2002–2002
2 sentences

2002See Hajian v. Holy Family Hospital, 273 Ill.

2002See Hajian v. Holy Family Hospital , 273 Ill.

22
Wilkerson v. Pittsburgh Corning Corp.green
illappct · 1995 · cited in 5 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 1996–2008
2 sentences

2008Wilkerson, 276 Ill.App.3d at 1030 , 213 Ill.Dec. 633 , 659 N.E.2d 979 .

2008Wilkerson, 276 Ill.App.3d at 1030 , 213 Ill.Dec. 633 , 659 N.E.2d 979 .

15
Lisowski v. MacNeal Memorial Hospital Associationgreen
illappct · 2008 · cited in 1 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
1 sentence

2026The missing witness “instruction should be given when: (1) the missing witness was under the control of the party adversely affected by the instruction; (2) the witness could have been produced by reasonable diligence; (3) the witness was not equally available to the party who requested the instruction; (4) a reasonably prudent person would have produced the witness if he or she believed the testimony would be favorable; and (5) there was no reasonable excuse for failing to produce the witness.” Lisowski v. MacNeal Memorial Hospital Association, 381 Ill.

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Illinois. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (19)

CaseCitedYears
Schaffner v. Chicago & North Western Transportation Co. green
ill · 1989
2 sentences

2008Plaintiff argues she was entitled to the missing-witness instruction under the criteria established by our supreme court in Schaffner, 129 Ill.2d 1 , 133 Ill.Dec. 432 , 541 N.E.2d 643 .

2008Plaintiff argues she was entitled to the missing-witness instruction under the criteria established by our supreme court in Schaffner, 129 Ill.2d 1 , 133 Ill.Dec. 432 , 541 N.E.2d 643 .

41994–2008
Montgomery v. Blas green
illappct · 2005
2 sentences

2008Montgomery v. Blas, 359 Ill.

2008Montgomery v. Blas, 359 Ill.

32007–2008
Hollembaek v. Dominick's Finer Foods, Inc. green
illappct · 1985
2 sentences

1993(Hollembaek v. Dominick’s Finer Foods, Inc. (1985), 137 Ill.

1993Hollembaek v. Dominick’s Finer Foods, Inc. (1985), 137 Ill.

31989–1993
Great American Insurance Co. v. Heneghan Wrecking & Excavating Co. green
illappct · 2015
2 sentences

2020ANALYSIS ¶ 34 On appeal, Willis argues that the trial court erred (1) by barring evidence and instructions on the theory of res ipsa loquitur, (2) by refusing the missing witness instruction, (3) by permitting Dr. Laurito to testify that a needlestick during the hospitalization that began on May 25, 2008, may have caused the injury, and (4) by limiting the testimony of Willis’s expert witnesses. ¶ 35 Defendants contend that the two issue rule bars Willis from challenging the ruling concerning res ipsa loquitur. “[W]hen multiple claims, theories, or defenses were presented to the jury, without

2020ANALYSIS ¶ 34 On appeal, Willis argues that the trial court erred (1) by barring evidence and instructions on the theory of res ipsa loquitur, (2) by refusing the missing witness instruction, (3) by permitting Dr. Laurito to testify that a needlestick during the hospitalization that began on May 25, 2008, may have caused the injury, and (4) by limiting the testimony of Willis’s expert witnesses. ¶ 35 Defendants contend that the two issue rule bars Willis from challenging the ruling concerning res ipsa loquitur. “[W]hen multiple claims, theories, or defenses were presented to the jury, without

22020–2020
Ciborowski v. Philip Dressler & Associates green
illappct · 1982
2 sentences

2008Plaintiff relies on Bargman v. Economics Laboratory, Inc., 181 Ill.App.3d 1023 , 130 Ill.Dec. 609 , 537 N.E.2d 938 (1989), and Ciborowski v. Philip Dressler & Associates, 110 Ill.App.3d 981 , 66 Ill.Dec. 692 , 443 N.E.2d 618 (1982), to argue that the court's refusal to give the missing-witness instruction, among other errors, warranted a new trial.

2008Plaintiff relies on Bargman v. Economics Laboratory, Inc., 181 Ill.App.3d 1023 , 130 Ill.Dec. 609 , 537 N.E.2d 938 (1989), and Ciborowski v. Philip Dressler & Associates, 110 Ill.App.3d 981 , 66 Ill.Dec. 692 , 443 N.E.2d 618 (1982), to argue that the court's refusal to give the missing-witness instruction, among other errors, warranted a new trial.

22008–2008
Bargman v. Economics Laboratory, Inc. green
illappct · 1989
2 sentences

2008Plaintiff relies on Bargman v. Economics Laboratory, Inc., 181 Ill.App.3d 1023 , 130 Ill.Dec. 609 , 537 N.E.2d 938 (1989), and Ciborowski v. Philip Dressler & Associates, 110 Ill.App.3d 981 , 66 Ill.Dec. 692 , 443 N.E.2d 618 (1982), to argue that the court's refusal to give the missing-witness instruction, among other errors, warranted a new trial.

2008Plaintiff relies on Bargman v. Economics Laboratory, Inc., 181 Ill.App.3d 1023 , 130 Ill.Dec. 609 , 537 N.E.2d 938 (1989), and Ciborowski v. Philip Dressler & Associates, 110 Ill.App.3d 981 , 66 Ill.Dec. 692 , 443 N.E.2d 618 (1982), to argue that the court's refusal to give the missing-witness instruction, among other errors, warranted a new trial.

22008–2008
Simmons v. Garces green
ill · 2002
2 sentences

2002Moreover, they properly were denied because they do not test the general verdict “against the jury’s determination as to one or more specific issues of ultimate fact.” Simmons v. Garces, 198 Ill. 2d 541, 555 , 763 N.E.2d 720 (2002). 5 Even if the circuit court abused its discretion in failing to give the missing witness instruction, plaintiffs are not entitled to a new trial because they cannot show any prejudice where the court specifically allowed them to argue the missing witness issue to the jury and plaintiffs counsel took full advantage of that ruling.

2002Moreover, they properly were denied because they do not test the general verdict “against the jury’s determination as to one or more specific issues of ultimate fact.” Simmons v. Garces, 198 Ill. 2d 541, 555 , 763 N.E.2d 720 (2002). 5 Even if the circuit court abused its discretion in failing to give the missing witness instruction, plaintiffs are not entitled to a new trial because they cannot show any prejudice where the court specifically allowed them to argue the missing witness issue to the jury and plaintiffs counsel took full advantage of that ruling.

22002–2002
Simmons v. University of Chicago Hospitals & Clinics green
illappct · 1993
2 sentences

1996Simmons v. University of Chicago Hospitals & Clinics, 247 Ill.

1996Simmons v. University of Chicago Hospitals and Clinics, 247 Ill.

21996–1996
Johnson v. Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp. green
illappct · 1992
1 sentence

1999Johnson v. Owens-Coming Fiberglas Corp., 233 Ill.

11999–1999
Taylor v. Kohli green
illappct · 1993
1 sentence

1994This conclusion was founded on the premise that plaintiff had abandoned Dr. Koman as his expert 19 months prior to trial and had so informed defendant. ( 252 Ill.

11994–1994
Board of Regents of Regency Universities v. Illinois Educational Labor Relations Board green
illappct · 1991
1 sentence

1993Board of Regents of Regency Universities v. Illinois Educational Labor Relations Board (1991), 208 Ill.

11993–1993
Taake v. WHGK, INC. green
illappct · 1992
1 sentence

1993Taake v. W H G K, Inc. (1992), 228 Ill.

11993–1993
J. L. Simmons Co. Ex Rel. Hartford Insurance Group v. Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. green
ill · 1985
2 sentences

1993Simmons Co. v. Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. (1985), 108 Ill. 2d 106 , 483 N.E.2d 273 .) It was defendant who tendered the missing witness instruction, and a party cannot claim error when it induced the trial court’s mistake.

1993Simmons Co. v. Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. (1985), 108 Ill. 2d 106 , 483 N.E.2d 273 .) It was defendant who tendered the missing witness instruction, and a party cannot claim error when it induced the trial court’s mistake.

11993–1993
Ryan v. E.A.I. Construction Corp. green
illappct · 1987
1 sentence

1993App. 3d 449 , 511 N.E.2d 1244 , in which the court gave a missing witness instruction where defense counsel listed an engineer as a witness, deposed him twice, obtained a continuance to enable him to testify, never called the witness at trial, and was evasive when the trial court asked him if the witness was notified to appear at trial.

11993–1993
United States v. Otha Lee Mahone green
ca7 · 1976
2 sentences

1992As his primary source of authority, defendant cites United States v. Mahone (7th Cir. 1976), 537 F.2d 922 , where the court affirmed a trial court’s decision to deny a missing witness instruction.

1992Mahone, 537 F.2d at 926-27 .

11992–1992
Department of Transportation v. Gonterman neutral
illappct · 1976
1 sentence

1989(Gonterman, 41 Ill.

11989–1989
Bubrick v. Northern Illinois Gas Co. green
illappct · 1970
1 sentence

1988Bubrick, 130 Ill.

11988–1988
Tuttle v. Fruehauf Division of Fruehauf Corp. green
illappct · 1984
1 sentence

1985(Tuttle v. Fruehauf Corp. (1984), 122 Ill.

11985–1985
Hicks v. Hendricks green
illappct · 1975
1 sentence

1985(Hicks v. Hendricks (1975), 33 Ill.

11985–1985

Statutes the citing opinions construe

IL § 740 ILCS 180/0.01 (4)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

NY 98 (1980–2026) WA 79 (1968–2026) MA 69 (1986–2026) PA 67 (1978–2026) TN 60 (1977–2024) MI 60 (1983–2026) DC 57 (1968–2022) CT 47 (1984–2024) IL 38 (1985–2026) MD 29 (1977–2021) IN 7 (1982–2007) OH 6 (1977–2026) WV 4 (1987–2026) VA 4 (1976–2024) NJ 4 (1992–2013) WI 3 (1977–2014) ME 3 (1981–2025) IA 2 (1979–2016) SC 2 (2013–2014) NC 2 (2021–2021) CO 2 (1986–1996) VT 2 (1987–2001)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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