equitable estoppel is based doctrine (California) · Go Syfert
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equitable estoppel is based doctrine in California

9 California opinions name it 1 courts 1983–2024 2 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by California courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (16)

CaseFollowedCited
Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Districtgreen
calctapp · 1983 · cited in 4 California opinions naming this issue, 1993–2020
2 sentences

2020A "The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations or conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct. [Citation.] Under appropriate circumstances equitable estoppel will preclude a defendant from pleading the bar of the statute of limitations where the plaintiff was induced to refrain from bringing a timely action by the fraud, misrepresentation or deceptions of the defendant." (Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist. (1983) 147 Cal.App.3d 240, 245 (Kleinecke).) "A defendant should not be perm

2007(Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist. (1983) 147 Cal.App.3d 240, 245-246 [ 195 Cal.Rptr. 58 ], citing Denham v. County of Los Angeles (1968) 259 Cal.App.2d 860, 866 [ 66 Cal.Rptr. 922 ].) “The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations or conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct. . . .

44
Sofranek v. County of Mercedgreen
calctapp · 2007 · cited in 2 California opinions naming this issue, 2020–2024
2 sentences

2024(Sofranek v. County of Merced (2007) 146 Cal.App.4th 1238, 1250 (Sofranek).) Courts have applied the doctrine to government entities in the government claims context.

2020A "The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations or conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct. [Citation.] Under appropriate circumstances equitable estoppel will preclude a defendant from pleading the bar of the statute of limitations where the plaintiff was induced to refrain from bringing a timely action by the fraud, misrepresentation or deceptions of the defendant." (Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist. (1983) 147 Cal.App.3d 240, 245 (Kleinecke).) "A defendant should not be perm

22
City of Long Beach v. Mansellgreen
cal · 1970 · cited in 2 California opinions naming this issue, 2007–2020
2 sentences

2007Why no alternate supply is necessary for periods when Term 91 cuts off diversions under this permit.” (“Check for License” dated May 15, 1996.) Relating to Plaintiff Conn “Other Rights Riparian—Within Delta Lowlands.” (“Report of Inspection” dated Apr. 26, 1996.) The long-established doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on “foundation of conscience and fair dealing.” (City of Long Beach v. Mansell (1970) 3 Cal.3d 462, 488 [ 91 Cal.Rptr. 23 , 476 P.2d 423 ] (Mansell).) The Supreme Court expressed the doctrine in its classic form: “The vital principle is that he who by his language or conduct

2007Why no alternate supply is necessary for periods when Term 91 cuts off diversions under this permit.” (“Check for License” dated May 15, 1996.) Relating to Plaintiff Conn “Other Rights Riparian—Within Delta Lowlands.” (“Report of Inspection” dated Apr. 26, 1996.) The long-established doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on “foundation of conscience and fair dealing.” (City of Long Beach v. Mansell (1970) 3 Cal.3d 462, 488 [ 91 Cal.Rptr. 23 , 476 P.2d 423 ] (Mansell).) The Supreme Court expressed the doctrine in its classic form: “The vital principle is that he who by his language or conduct

22
Cotta v. City and County of San Franciscogreen
calctapp · 2007 · cited in 2 California opinions naming this issue, 2008–2023
2 sentences

2023(Jackson, supra, 60 Cal.App.4th at p. 183 .) “ ‘The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations or conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct.’ ” (Cotta v. City and County of San Francisco (2007) 157 Cal.App.4th 1550, 1567 .) “ ‘A party may invoke equitable estoppel to prevent his opponent from changing positions if (1) he was an adverse party in the prior proceeding; (2) he detrimentally relied upon his opponent’s prior position; and (3) he would now be prejudiced if a court permitte

2008(See Metalclad Corp. v. Ventana Environmental Organizational Partnership (2003) 109 Cal.App.4th 1705, 1716 [ 1 Cal.Rptr.3d 328 ].) “ ‘The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations of conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct.’ [Citation.]” (Cotta v. City and County of San Francisco (2007) 157 Cal.App.4th 1550, 1567 [ 69 Cal.Rptr.3d 612 ].) In Nicolopulos, supra, 106 Cal.App.4th at page 311 , the court outlined the elements of equitable estoppel: “ ‘ “(1) The party to be estopped mu

12
Chalmers v. County of Los Angelesgreen
calctapp · 1985 · cited in 2 California opinions naming this issue, 2007–2020
2 sentences

2020A "The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations or conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct. [Citation.] Under appropriate circumstances equitable estoppel will preclude a defendant from pleading the bar of the statute of limitations where the plaintiff was induced to refrain from bringing a timely action by the fraud, misrepresentation or deceptions of the defendant." (Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist. (1983) 147 Cal.App.3d 240, 245 (Kleinecke).) "A defendant should not be perm

2007Under appropriate circumstances equitable estoppel will preclude a defendant from pleading the bar of the statute of limitations where the plaintiff was induced to refrain from bringing a timely action by the fraud, misrepresentation or deceptions of defendant.” (Kleinecke, at p. 245, citations omitted.) “To establish estoppel as an element of a suit the elements of estoppel must be especially pleaded in the complaint with sufficient accuracy to disclose facts relied upon. [Citation.]” (Chalmers v. County of Los Angeles *1251 (1985) 175 Cal.App.3d 461, 467 [ 221 Cal.Rptr. 19 ].) Whether equita

12
Metalclad Corp. v. Ventana Environmental Organizational Partnershipgreen
calctapp · 2003 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008
2 sentences

2008(See Metalclad Corp. v. Ventana Environmental Organizational Partnership (2003) 109 Cal.App.4th 1705, 1716 [ 1 Cal.Rptr.3d 328 ].) “ ‘The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations of conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct.’ [Citation.]” (Cotta v. City and County of San Francisco (2007) 157 Cal.App.4th 1550, 1567 [ 69 Cal.Rptr.3d 612 ].) In Nicolopulos, supra, 106 Cal.App.4th at page 311 , the court outlined the elements of equitable estoppel: “ ‘ “(1) The party to be estopped mu

2008(See Metalclad Corp. v. Ventana Environmental Organizational Partnership (2003) 109 Cal.App.4th 1705, 1716 [ 1 Cal.Rptr.3d 328 ].) “ ‘The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations of conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct.’ [Citation.]” (Cotta v. City and County of San Francisco (2007) 157 Cal.App.4th 1550, 1567 [ 69 Cal.Rptr.3d 612 ].) In Nicolopulos, supra, 106 Cal.App.4th at page 311 , the court outlined the elements of equitable estoppel: “ ‘ “(1) The party to be estopped mu

11
Denham v. County of Los Angelesgreen
calctapp · 1968 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
2 sentences

2007(Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist. (1983) 147 Cal.App.3d 240, 245-246 [ 195 Cal.Rptr. 58 ], citing Denham v. County of Los Angeles (1968) 259 Cal.App.2d 860, 866 [ 66 Cal.Rptr. 922 ].) “The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations or conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct. . . .

2007(Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist. (1983) 147 Cal.App.3d 240, 245-246 [ 195 Cal.Rptr. 58 ], citing Denham v. County of Los Angeles (1968) 259 Cal.App.2d 860, 866 [ 66 Cal.Rptr. 922 ].) “The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations or conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct. . . .

11
City of Glendale v. SUPERIOR COURT OF LOS ANGELES CTY.green
calctapp · 1993 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
2 sentences

2007Equitable Estoppel 8 Appellants also contend that the doctrine of equitable estoppel should be applied to estop the City from denying liability for breach of contract. *1567 “The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations or conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct.” (Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist. (1983) 147 Cal.App.3d 240, 245 [ 195 Cal.Rptr. 58 ].) “The required elements for an equitable estoppel are: (1) the party to be estopped must be apprised of the facts; (2) the party

2007Equitable Estoppel 8 Appellants also contend that the doctrine of equitable estoppel should be applied to estop the City from denying liability for breach of contract. *1567 “The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations or conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct.” (Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist. (1983) 147 Cal.App.3d 240, 245 [ 195 Cal.Rptr. 58 ].) “The required elements for an equitable estoppel are: (1) the party to be estopped must be apprised of the facts; (2) the party

11
Munoz v. State of Californiagreen
calctapp · 1995 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
2 sentences

2007Equitable Estoppel 8 Appellants also contend that the doctrine of equitable estoppel should be applied to estop the City from denying liability for breach of contract. *1567 “The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations or conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct.” (Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist. (1983) 147 Cal.App.3d 240, 245 [ 195 Cal.Rptr. 58 ].) “The required elements for an equitable estoppel are: (1) the party to be estopped must be apprised of the facts; (2) the party

2007Equitable Estoppel 8 Appellants also contend that the doctrine of equitable estoppel should be applied to estop the City from denying liability for breach of contract. *1567 “The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations or conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct.” (Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist. (1983) 147 Cal.App.3d 240, 245 [ 195 Cal.Rptr. 58 ].) “The required elements for an equitable estoppel are: (1) the party to be estopped must be apprised of the facts; (2) the party

11
Medina v. BOARD OF RETIREMENT, LACERAgreen
calctapp · 2003 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
2 sentences

2007Equitable Estoppel 8 Appellants also contend that the doctrine of equitable estoppel should be applied to estop the City from denying liability for breach of contract. *1567 “The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations or conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct.” (Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist. (1983) 147 Cal.App.3d 240, 245 [ 195 Cal.Rptr. 58 ].) “The required elements for an equitable estoppel are: (1) the party to be estopped must be apprised of the facts; (2) the party

2007Equitable Estoppel 8 Appellants also contend that the doctrine of equitable estoppel should be applied to estop the City from denying liability for breach of contract. *1567 “The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations or conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct.” (Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist. (1983) 147 Cal.App.3d 240, 245 [ 195 Cal.Rptr. 58 ].) “The required elements for an equitable estoppel are: (1) the party to be estopped must be apprised of the facts; (2) the party

11
Wolitarsky v. Blue Cross of Californiagreen
calctapp · 1997 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
2 sentences

2007Equitable Estoppel 8 Appellants also contend that the doctrine of equitable estoppel should be applied to estop the City from denying liability for breach of contract. *1567 “The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations or conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct.” (Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist. (1983) 147 Cal.App.3d 240, 245 [ 195 Cal.Rptr. 58 ].) “The required elements for an equitable estoppel are: (1) the party to be estopped must be apprised of the facts; (2) the party

2007Equitable Estoppel 8 Appellants also contend that the doctrine of equitable estoppel should be applied to estop the City from denying liability for breach of contract. *1567 “The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations or conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct.” (Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist. (1983) 147 Cal.App.3d 240, 245 [ 195 Cal.Rptr. 58 ].) “The required elements for an equitable estoppel are: (1) the party to be estopped must be apprised of the facts; (2) the party

11
New York Central & Hudson River Railroad v. Kinneygreen
scotus · 1922 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1993–1993
2 sentences

1993Co. v. Kinney (1922) 260 U.S. 340, 346 [ 67 L.Ed. 294, 296-297 , 43 S.Ct. 122 ].) Further, “[statutes of limitations are not so rigid that under certain circumstances principles of equity and justice will not allow them to be extended or tolled.” (Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist., supra, 147 Cal.App.3d at p. 247 .) *1357 “It is well settled that where delay in commencing an action is induced by the conduct of the defendant, he cannot avail himself of the defense of the statute [of limitations]. [Citations.]” (Gaglione v. Coolidge (1955) 134 Cal.App.2d 518, 527 [ 286 P.2d 568 ]; see also Rupl

1993Co. v. Kinney (1922) 260 U.S. 340, 346 [ 67 L.Ed. 294, 296-297 , 43 S.Ct. 122 ].) Further, “[statutes of limitations are not so rigid that under certain circumstances principles of equity and justice will not allow them to be extended or tolled.” (Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist., supra, 147 Cal.App.3d at p. 247 .) *1357 “It is well settled that where delay in commencing an action is induced by the conduct of the defendant, he cannot avail himself of the defense of the statute [of limitations]. [Citations.]” (Gaglione v. Coolidge (1955) 134 Cal.App.2d 518, 527 [ 286 P.2d 568 ]; see also Rupl

11
Gaglione v. Coolidgegreen
calctapp · 1955 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1993–1993
2 sentences

1993Co. v. Kinney (1922) 260 U.S. 340, 346 [ 67 L.Ed. 294, 296-297 , 43 S.Ct. 122 ].) Further, “[statutes of limitations are not so rigid that under certain circumstances principles of equity and justice will not allow them to be extended or tolled.” (Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist., supra, 147 Cal.App.3d at p. 247 .) *1357 “It is well settled that where delay in commencing an action is induced by the conduct of the defendant, he cannot avail himself of the defense of the statute [of limitations]. [Citations.]” (Gaglione v. Coolidge (1955) 134 Cal.App.2d 518, 527 [ 286 P.2d 568 ]; see also Rupl

1993Co. v. Kinney (1922) 260 U.S. 340, 346 [ 67 L.Ed. 294, 296-297 , 43 S.Ct. 122 ].) Further, “[statutes of limitations are not so rigid that under certain circumstances principles of equity and justice will not allow them to be extended or tolled.” (Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist., supra, 147 Cal.App.3d at p. 247 .) *1357 “It is well settled that where delay in commencing an action is induced by the conduct of the defendant, he cannot avail himself of the defense of the statute [of limitations]. [Citations.]” (Gaglione v. Coolidge (1955) 134 Cal.App.2d 518, 527 [ 286 P.2d 568 ]; see also Rupl

11
Langdon v. Langdongreen
calctapp · 1941 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1993–1993
2 sentences

1993Co. v. Kinney (1922) 260 U.S. 340, 346 [ 67 L.Ed. 294, 296-297 , 43 S.Ct. 122 ].) Further, “[statutes of limitations are not so rigid that under certain circumstances principles of equity and justice will not allow them to be extended or tolled.” (Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist., supra, 147 Cal.App.3d at p. 247 .) *1357 “It is well settled that where delay in commencing an action is induced by the conduct of the defendant, he cannot avail himself of the defense of the statute [of limitations]. [Citations.]” (Gaglione v. Coolidge (1955) 134 Cal.App.2d 518, 527 [ 286 P.2d 568 ]; see also Rupl

1993Co. v. Kinney (1922) 260 U.S. 340, 346 [ 67 L.Ed. 294, 296-297 , 43 S.Ct. 122 ].) Further, “[statutes of limitations are not so rigid that under certain circumstances principles of equity and justice will not allow them to be extended or tolled.” (Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist., supra, 147 Cal.App.3d at p. 247 .) *1357 “It is well settled that where delay in commencing an action is induced by the conduct of the defendant, he cannot avail himself of the defense of the statute [of limitations]. [Citations.]” (Gaglione v. Coolidge (1955) 134 Cal.App.2d 518, 527 [ 286 P.2d 568 ]; see also Rupl

11
Rupley v. Huntsmangreen
calctapp · 1958 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1993–1993
2 sentences

1993Co. v. Kinney (1922) 260 U.S. 340, 346 [ 67 L.Ed. 294, 296-297 , 43 S.Ct. 122 ].) Further, “[statutes of limitations are not so rigid that under certain circumstances principles of equity and justice will not allow them to be extended or tolled.” (Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist., supra, 147 Cal.App.3d at p. 247 .) *1357 “It is well settled that where delay in commencing an action is induced by the conduct of the defendant, he cannot avail himself of the defense of the statute [of limitations]. [Citations.]” (Gaglione v. Coolidge (1955) 134 Cal.App.2d 518, 527 [ 286 P.2d 568 ]; see also Rupl

1993Co. v. Kinney (1922) 260 U.S. 340, 346 [ 67 L.Ed. 294, 296-297 , 43 S.Ct. 122 ].) Further, “[statutes of limitations are not so rigid that under certain circumstances principles of equity and justice will not allow them to be extended or tolled.” (Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist., supra, 147 Cal.App.3d at p. 247 .) *1357 “It is well settled that where delay in commencing an action is induced by the conduct of the defendant, he cannot avail himself of the defense of the statute [of limitations]. [Citations.]” (Gaglione v. Coolidge (1955) 134 Cal.App.2d 518, 527 [ 286 P.2d 568 ]; see also Rupl

11
Morgan v. International Aviation Underwriters, Inc.green
calctapp · 1967 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1983–1983
2 sentences

1983(Morgan v. International Aviation Underwriters, Inc. (1967) 250 Cal.App.2d 176, 180 [ 58 Cal.Rptr. 164 ].) Under appropriate circumstances equitable estoppel will preclude a defendant from pleading the bar of the statute of limitations where the plaintiff was induced to refrain from bringing a timely action by the fraud, misrepresentation or deceptions of defendant.

1983(Morgan v. International Aviation Underwriters, Inc. (1967) 250 Cal.App.2d 176, 180 [ 58 Cal.Rptr. 164 ].) Under appropriate circumstances equitable estoppel will preclude a defendant from pleading the bar of the statute of limitations where the plaintiff was induced to refrain from bringing a timely action by the fraud, misrepresentation or deceptions of defendant.

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in California. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (6)

CaseCitedYears
Money Store Investment Corp. v. Southern California Bank green
calctapp · 2002
1 sentence

2023It operates to prevent one from taking an unfair advantage of another but not to give an unfair advantage to one seeking to invoke the doctrine.” ’ ” (Money Store Investment Corp. v. Southern California Bank (2002) 98 Cal.App.4th 722, 732 .) Samsara argues that after it paid the full amount of rent demanded in the 5-day notice under protest, Rreef reneged on its representation in its ex parte opposition that it would dismiss its unlawful detainer action.

12023–2023
Jackson v. County of Los Angeles green
calctapp · 1997
2 sentences

2023(Jackson, supra, 60 Cal.App.4th at p. 183 .) “ ‘The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations or conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct.’ ” (Cotta v. City and County of San Francisco (2007) 157 Cal.App.4th 1550, 1567 .) “ ‘A party may invoke equitable estoppel to prevent his opponent from changing positions if (1) he was an adverse party in the prior proceeding; (2) he detrimentally relied upon his opponent’s prior position; and (3) he would now be prejudiced if a court permitte

2023(Jackson, supra, 60 Cal.App.4th at p. 183 .) “ ‘The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations or conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct.’ ” (Cotta v. City and County of San Francisco (2007) 157 Cal.App.4th 1550, 1567 .) “ ‘A party may invoke equitable estoppel to prevent his opponent from changing positions if (1) he was an adverse party in the prior proceeding; (2) he detrimentally relied upon his opponent’s prior position; and (3) he would now be prejudiced if a court permitte

12023–2023
Bertorelli v. City of Tulare green
calctapp · 1986
1 sentence

2020(Bertorelli v. City of Tulare (1986) 180 Cal.App.3d 432, 440 ; Long Beach v. Mansell (1970) 3 Cal.3d 462, 496 (Long Beach).) "[C]onduct on behalf of a public agency, which would induce a reasonably prudent person to avoid seeking legal advice or personally commencing litigation, may estop the public agency from asserting a claims defense . . . ." (Bertorelli, at p. 440.) "The government may be bound by an equitable estoppel in the same manner as a private party when the elements requisite for such an estoppel against a private party are present and, in the considered view of a court of equity,

12020–2020
Mitchell v. State Department of Public Health green
calctapp · 2016
1 sentence

2020(Bertorelli v. City of Tulare (1986) 180 Cal.App.3d 432, 440 ; Long Beach v. Mansell (1970) 3 Cal.3d 462, 496 (Long Beach).) "[C]onduct on behalf of a public agency, which would induce a reasonably prudent person to avoid seeking legal advice or personally commencing litigation, may estop the public agency from asserting a claims defense . . . ." (Bertorelli, at p. 440.) "The government may be bound by an equitable estoppel in the same manner as a private party when the elements requisite for such an estoppel against a private party are present and, in the considered view of a court of equity,

12020–2020
California Cigarette Concessions, Inc. v. City of Los Angeles green
cal · 1960
1 sentence

2020A "The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations or conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct. [Citation.] Under appropriate circumstances equitable estoppel will preclude a defendant from pleading the bar of the statute of limitations where the plaintiff was induced to refrain from bringing a timely action by the fraud, misrepresentation or deceptions of the defendant." (Kleinecke v. Montecito Water Dist. (1983) 147 Cal.App.3d 240, 245 (Kleinecke).) "A defendant should not be perm

12020–2020
NICOLOPULOS v. Superior Court green
calctapp · 2003
1 sentence

2008(See Metalclad Corp. v. Ventana Environmental Organizational Partnership (2003) 109 Cal.App.4th 1705, 1716 [ 1 Cal.Rptr.3d 328 ].) “ ‘The doctrine of equitable estoppel is based on the theory that a party who by his declarations of conduct misleads another to his prejudice should be estopped from obtaining the benefits of his misconduct.’ [Citation.]” (Cotta v. City and County of San Francisco (2007) 157 Cal.App.4th 1550, 1567 [ 69 Cal.Rptr.3d 612 ].) In Nicolopulos, supra, 106 Cal.App.4th at page 311 , the court outlined the elements of equitable estoppel: “ ‘ “(1) The party to be estopped mu

12008–2008

Where else courts name it

CA 9 (1983–2024) NC 7 (1929–1975) WA 4 (2002–2021) TX 2 (2005–2005)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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