horizontal gaze nystagmus test in Louisiana

7 Louisiana opinions name it 1 courts 1990–2007 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Louisiana courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (1)

Case	Followed	Cited
State v. Armstronggreen lactapp · 1990 · cited in 3 Louisiana opinions naming this issue, 1992–1993 2 sentences 1992In State v. Armstrong, 561 So.2d 883 (La.App. 2d Cir.1990), writ denied, 568 So.2d 1077 (La.1990), this court addressed the admissibility of the horizontal gaze nystagmus test for the first time. 1992In State v. Armstrong, 561 So.2d 883 (La.App. 2nd Cir.1990), writ denied, 568 So.2d 1077 (La.1990), the court held that the results of a horizontal gaze nystagmus test, a test which determines the degree of intoxication by reference to the extent of involuntary eyeball jerking as the eye attempts to follow an object, are admissible to establish intoxication in DWI prosecutions as long as a proper foundation is laid.	1	3

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

Case	Negative	Cited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Louisiana. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (10)

Case	Cited	Years
State v. Minnifield green lactapp · 1999 2 sentences 2007Also, in State v. Minnifield, 31,527, pp. 3-4 (La.App. 2nd Cir.1/20/99), 727 So.2d 1207, 1211 , writ denied, 99-0516 (La.6/18/99), 745 So.2d 19 , the evidence was sufficient where the officer observed the defendant weave out of the traffic lane three times; he staggered, slurred, smelled of alcohol, and gave a false name; and a second officer indicated that the defendant failed the horizontal gaze nystagmus test. 2004Also, in State v. Minnifield, 31,527, pp. 3-4 (La.App. 2nd Cir.1/20/99), 727 So.2d 1207, 1211 , writ denied, 99-0516 (La.6/18/99), 745 So.2d 19 , the evidence was sufficient where the officer observed the defendant weave out of the traffic lane three times; he staggered, slurred, smelled of alcohol, and gave a false name; and a second officer indicated that the defendant failed the horizontal gaze nystagmus test.	3	2001–2007
State v. Armstrong green la · 1990 2 sentences 1992In State v. Armstrong, 561 So.2d 883 (La.App. 2d Cir.1990), writ denied, 568 So.2d 1077 (La.1990), this court addressed the admissibility of the horizontal gaze nystagmus test for the first time. 1992In State v. Armstrong, 561 So.2d 883 (La.App. 2nd Cir.1990), writ denied, 568 So.2d 1077 (La.1990), the court held that the results of a horizontal gaze nystagmus test, a test which determines the degree of intoxication by reference to the extent of involuntary eyeball jerking as the eye attempts to follow an object, are admissible to establish intoxication in DWI prosecutions as long as a proper foundation is laid.	3	1992–1993
State v. Russell green la · 1999 2 sentences 2007Also, in State v. Minnifield, 31,527, pp. 3-4 (La.App. 2nd Cir.1/20/99), 727 So.2d 1207, 1211 , writ denied, 99-0516 (La.6/18/99), 745 So.2d 19 , the evidence was sufficient where the officer observed the defendant weave out of the traffic lane three times; he staggered, slurred, smelled of alcohol, and gave a false name; and a second officer indicated that the defendant failed the horizontal gaze nystagmus test. 2004Also, in State v. Minnifield, 31,527, pp. 3-4 (La.App. 2nd Cir.1/20/99), 727 So.2d 1207, 1211 , writ denied, 99-0516 (La.6/18/99), 745 So.2d 19 , the evidence was sufficient where the officer observed the defendant weave out of the traffic lane three times; he staggered, slurred, smelled of alcohol, and gave a false name; and a second officer indicated that the defendant failed the horizontal gaze nystagmus test.	2	2004–2007
Pennsylvania v. Muniz green scotus · 1990 2 sentences 1993The test is premised on the understanding that, whereas everyone's eyes exhibit some jerking while turning to the side, when the subject is intoxicated `the onset of the jerking occurs after fewer degrees of turning, and the jerking at more extreme angles becomes more distinct.' Pennsylvania v. Muniz, 496 U.S. 582 , 110 S.Ct. 2638 , 2641 n. 1, 110 L.Ed.2d 528 (1990) (quoting 1 R. 1993The test is premised on the understanding that, whereas everyone's eyes exhibit some jerking while turning to the side, when the subject is intoxicated `the onset of the jerking occurs after fewer degrees of turning, and the jerking at more extreme angles becomes more distinct.' Pennsylvania v. Muniz, 496 U.S. 582 , 110 S.Ct. 2638 , 2641 n. 1, 110 L.Ed.2d 528 (1990) (quoting 1 R.	1	1993–1993
State v. Chestnut green lactapp · 1984 1 sentence 1990State v. Nix, supra ; State v. Walker, 451 So.2d 679 (La.App. 2d Cir.1984), writ denied 456 So.2d 1016 (La. 1984); State v. Cichirillo, 440 So.2d 934 (La.App. 2d Cir.1983); State v. Davis, 505 So.2d 162 (La.App. 4th Cir.1987); State v. Chestnut, 462 So.2d 674 (La.App. 4th Cir. 1984).	1	1990–1990
State v. Walker green lactapp · 1984 1 sentence 1990State v. Nix, supra ; State v. Walker, 451 So.2d 679 (La.App. 2d Cir.1984), writ denied 456 So.2d 1016 (La. 1984); State v. Cichirillo, 440 So.2d 934 (La.App. 2d Cir.1983); State v. Davis, 505 So.2d 162 (La.App. 4th Cir.1987); State v. Chestnut, 462 So.2d 674 (La.App. 4th Cir. 1984).	1	1990–1990
State v. Nix green lactapp · 1988 1 sentence 1990State v. Nix, supra ; State v. Walker, 451 So.2d 679 (La.App. 2d Cir.1984), writ denied 456 So.2d 1016 (La. 1984); State v. Cichirillo, 440 So.2d 934 (La.App. 2d Cir.1983); State v. Davis, 505 So.2d 162 (La.App. 4th Cir.1987); State v. Chestnut, 462 So.2d 674 (La.App. 4th Cir. 1984).	1	1990–1990
State v. Davis neutral lactapp · 1987 1 sentence 1990State v. Nix, supra ; State v. Walker, 451 So.2d 679 (La.App. 2d Cir.1984), writ denied 456 So.2d 1016 (La. 1984); State v. Cichirillo, 440 So.2d 934 (La.App. 2d Cir.1983); State v. Davis, 505 So.2d 162 (La.App. 4th Cir.1987); State v. Chestnut, 462 So.2d 674 (La.App. 4th Cir. 1984).	1	1990–1990
State v. Cichirillo neutral lactapp · 1983 1 sentence 1990State v. Nix, supra ; State v. Walker, 451 So.2d 679 (La.App. 2d Cir.1984), writ denied 456 So.2d 1016 (La. 1984); State v. Cichirillo, 440 So.2d 934 (La.App. 2d Cir.1983); State v. Davis, 505 So.2d 162 (La.App. 4th Cir.1987); State v. Chestnut, 462 So.2d 674 (La.App. 4th Cir. 1984).	1	1990–1990
State v. Gallow green la · 1984 1 sentence 1990State v. Nix, supra ; State v. Walker, 451 So.2d 679 (La.App. 2d Cir.1984), writ denied 456 So.2d 1016 (La. 1984); State v. Cichirillo, 440 So.2d 934 (La.App. 2d Cir.1983); State v. Davis, 505 So.2d 162 (La.App. 4th Cir.1987); State v. Chestnut, 462 So.2d 674 (La.App. 4th Cir. 1984).	1	1990–1990

Statutes the citing opinions construe

LA § La. Rev. Stat. § 15:438 (4)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

TX 48 (1994–2024) OH 42 (1990–2024) CT 24 (1994–2025) WV 15 (1990–2023) MO 15 (1998–2025) IL 13 (1988–2025) GA 12 (2001–2024) OR 12 (1987–2025) NY 11 (1996–2025) TN 11 (1998–2017) MS 9 (1994–2022) MD 9 (1995–2024) WA 8 (1994–2025) AZ 7 (1986–2025) LA 7 (1990–2007) PA 7 (1987–2024) IA 6 (1990–2023) CA 6 (1990–2019) NC 5 (2000–2020) AR 4 (1992–2012) WY 4 (2000–2019) HI 4 (2007–2026) AK 3 (1998–2021) CO 3 (2019–2024) NJ 3 (2003–2026) MA 2 (1997–1998) ND 2 (1999–2018) FL 2 (1997–1997) WI 2 (2012–2024) NE 2 (2020–2020)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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