4 canonical passages across 4 cases, quoted by 243 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Higgs v. Attorney General of United States.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Higgs v. Attorney General of United States Anchor | green | “the obligation to liberally construe a pro se litigant's pleadings is well-established.” | 114 |
| 2 | John D. Alvin v. Jon B. Suzuki | green | “an amendment is futile if the amended complaint would not survive a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim upon which relief could be granted.” | 82 |
| 3 | Grohs v. Yatauro | green | “even a pro se complaint may be dismissed for failure to state a claim if the allegations set forth by the plaintiff cannot be construed as supplying facts to support a claim entitling the plaintiff to relief.” | 39 |
| 4 | Dluhos v. Strasberg | green | “courts are to construe complaints so as to do substantial justice, keeping in mind that pro se complaints in particular should be construed liberally.” | 8 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.