8 canonical passages across 6 cases, quoted by 37 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Holland v. W.M. Realty Management, Inc..
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Holland v. W.M. Realty Management, Inc. Anchor | green | “under the common-law doctrine of spoliation, when a party negligently loses or intentionally destroys key evidence, the responsible party may be sanctioned under cplr 3126” | 16 |
| 2 | The Matter of Kenneth Cole Productions, Inc., Shareholder Litigation , Erie County Employees Retirement System v. Michael J. Blitzer | green | “courts should strive to avoid interfering with the internal management of business corporations” | 3 |
| 3 | The Matter of Kenneth Cole Productions, Inc., Shareholder Litigation , Erie County Employees Retirement System v. Michael J. Blitzer | green | “is beyond judicial inquiry under the business judgment rule, but . . . 'the court may inquire as to the disinterested independence of the directors” | 3 |
| 4 | Lotardo v. Lotardo | green | “absent an improvident exercise of discretion, the determination to impose sanctions for conduct that frustrates the purposes of the cplr should not be disturbed” | 3 |
| 5 | Lentz v. Nic's Gym, Inc. | green | “the supreme court has broad discretion in determining what, if any, sanction should be imposed for spoliation of evidence” | 3 |
| 6 | Marino v. Island Express Advertising Inc. | neutral | “every corporation shall have power to create and issue the number of shares stated in its certificate of incorporation.” | 3 |
| 7 | Ench v. Breslin | green | “failed to raise any triable issues of fact relevant to establishing that the costa agreement . . . was fair and reasonable” | 3 |
| 8 | Ench v. Breslin | green | “shareholder's agreement is binding as between the original parties to it and enforceable even though all the formal steps required by statute to properly effectuate the agreement have not been fulfilled” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.