7 canonical passages across 4 cases, quoted by 36 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Commonwealth of Virginia, Proposed Intervenor-Appellant v. Westinghouse Electric Corporation.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Commonwealth of Virginia, Proposed Intervenor-Appellant v. Westinghouse Electric Corporation Anchor | green | “when the party seeking intervention has the same ultimate objective as a party to the suit, a presumption arises that its interests are adequately represented, against which the petitioner must demonstrate adversity of interest, collusion, or nonfeasance.” | 8 |
| 2 | Gretchen Stuart v. Janice Huff | green | “(1) an interest in the subject matter of the action; (2) that the protection of this interest would be impaired because of the action; and (3) that the applicant's interest is not adequately represented by existing parties to the litigation.” | 8 |
| 3 | Commonwealth of Virginia, Proposed Intervenor-Appellant v. Westinghouse Electric Corporation | green | “adversity of interest, collusion, or nonfeasance.” | 4 |
| 4 | Smith v. Pennington | green | “within the sound discretion of the trial court.” | 4 |
| 5 | Smith v. Pennington | green | “lies within the sound discretion of the trial court.” | 4 |
| 6 | Shanghai Meihao Electric, Inc. v. Leviton Manufacturing Co. | green | “intervention will not unduly delay or prejudice the adjudication of the rights of the original parties.” | 4 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.