7 canonical passages across 6 cases, quoted by 34 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Town of Greece v. Galloway.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Town of Greece v. Galloway Anchor | green | “the establishment clause must be interpreted 'by reference to historical practices and understandings.” | 12 |
| 2 | Lynn Breslow v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. | green | “it is the firmly established rule of this circuit that each succeeding panel is bound by the holding of the first panel to address an issue of law, unless and until that holding is overruled en banc, or by the supreme court.” | 6 |
| 3 | Americans United For Separation Of Church And State, Inc. v. United States Department Of Health, Education And Welfare | green | “shared individuated right to a government that 'shall make no law respecting the establishment of religion.” | 4 |
| 4 | Alice Leach and Carmen Irons v. Pan American World Airways, Teamsters Local Union No. 769 | green | “according to both eleventh and fifth circuit precedent a three-judge panel may not overlook decisions by the supreme court which implicitly overrule a binding circuit decision, or undercut its rationale.” | 4 |
| 5 | William Earl Footman v. Harry K. Singletary | green | “we may decline to follow a decision of a prior panel if necessary to give full effect to a united states supreme court decision.” | 4 |
| 6 | The American Civil Liberties Union Of Georgia v. Rabun County Chamber Of Commerce | green | “by the evidence of the physical and metaphysical impact of the cross.” | 3 |
| 7 | Americans United For Separation Of Church And State, Inc. v. United States Department Of Health, Education And Welfare | green | “injury in fact' to their shared individuated right to a government that 'shall make no law respecting the establishment of religion.” | 1 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.