6 canonical passages across 5 cases, quoted by 32 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Syed Hassan v. City of New York.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Syed Hassan v. City of New York Anchor | green | “religious affiliation must have been a substantial factor in that different treatment.” | 7 |
| 2 | Iwanicki v. Pennsylvania Department of Corrections | green | “because iwanicki relies on unspecified 'administrative law' and prison policies, he has failed to meet the threshold requirement of alleging a protected liberty interest.” | 5 |
| 3 | Estate Frank P. Lagano v. Bergen County Prosecutors Offi | green | “sovereign immunity extends to state agencies and state officers, 'as long as the state is the real party in interest.” | 5 |
| 4 | Calvin Butler v. Pennsylvania Board of Probatio | green | “proof of prejudice is generally a necessary but not sufficient element of a due process claim” | 5 |
| 5 | Syed Hassan v. City of New York | green | “the equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment to our constitution provides that 'no state shall ... deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.” | 5 |
| 6 | Curry Robinson v. Superintendent Houtzdale SCI | green | “intentional discrimination based on religious affiliation must survive heightened equal-protection review.” | 5 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.