8 canonical passages across 6 cases, quoted by 28 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Pritt v. Republican National Committee.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pritt v. Republican National Committee Anchor | green | “a false written or oral statement that damages another's reputation.” | 7 |
| 2 | CACI Premier Technology, Inc. v. Rhodes | green | “establishing actual malice is no easy task . . . .” | 3 |
| 3 | Wilson v. Daily Gazette Co. | green | “general fame or notoriety in the state and pervasive involvement in the affairs of society” | 3 |
| 4 | Havalunch, Inc. v. Mazza | green | “a public official or candidate for office because of the need for full, robust, and unfettered public discussion of persons holding or aspiring to offices of public trust.” | 3 |
| 5 | Havalunch, Inc. v. Mazza | green | “placed a first amendment, free speech gloss upon all prior law of defamation.” | 3 |
| 6 | Chafin v. Gibson | green | “the publisher intended to injure the plaintiff through the knowing or reckless publication of the alleged libelous material.” | 3 |
| 7 | Chafin v. Gibson | green | “with knowledge that the statement was false or with reckless disregard of whether it was false or not.” | 3 |
| 8 | Myers v. the Telegraph | green | “little, if any, practical difference between falsely accusing a person of committing a crime and falsely attributing a felony conviction to a person who pleaded guilty only to a misdemeanor.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.