4 canonical passages across 4 cases, quoted by 27 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from James P. Wheeler and Sheila N. Wheeler v. A. David Laudani.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | James P. Wheeler and Sheila N. Wheeler v. A. David Laudani Anchor | green | “malicious' means in conscious disregard of one's duties or without just cause or excuse; it does not require ill-will or specific intent.” | 10 |
| 2 | Monsanto Co. v. Trantham (In Re Trantham) | green | “(i) the actor desired to cause the consequences of the act or (ii) the actor believed that the given consequences of his act were substantially certain to result from the act.” | 10 |
| 3 | Steier v. Best | green | “willful and malicious standard is a stringent one....” | 4 |
| 4 | Sandra S. Smith v. Ted W. Sushka | green | “collateral estoppel ... prevents a party from relitigating issues of fact or law which were necessarily decided by a previous final judgment.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.