3 canonical passages across 3 cases, quoted by 27 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Walling v. Przybylo.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Walling v. Przybylo Anchor | green | “(1) hostile and under claim of right; (2) actual; (3) open and notorious; (4) exclusive; and (5) continuous for the required period” | 14 |
| 2 | Walsh v. Ellis | green | “usually cultivated, improved, or substantially enclosed the land” | 10 |
| 3 | United Pickle Products Corp. v. Prayer Temple Community Church | green | “hostility can be inferred simply from the existence of the remaining four elements, thus shifting the burden to the record owner to produce evidence rebutting the presumption of adversity” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.