6 canonical passages across 5 cases, quoted by 506 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly Anchor | green | “factual allegations must be enough to raise a right to relief above the speculative level.” | 277 |
| 2 | Eloy Rojas Mamani v. Jose Carlos Sanchez Berzain | green | “legal conclusions without adequate factual support are entitled to no assumption of truth.” | 9 |
| 3 | Prakazrel Michel v. NYP Holdings, Inc. | green | “a claim has facial plausibility when the plaintiff pleads factual content that allows the court to draw the reasonable inference that the defendant is liable for the misconduct alleged.” | 6 |
| 4 | Joseph Chhim v. University of Texas at Austin | green | “although chhim did not have to submit evidence to establish a prima facie case of discrimination at this stage, he had to plead sufficient facts on all of the ultimate elements of a disparate treatment claim to make his case plausible.” | 6 |
| 5 | Ramos v. City of Chicago | green | “lleging six incidents of police brutality over a ten year period in a city as large as chicago with a police force in excess of 10,000 members is unremarkable, and in no way indicates a policy or custom.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.