5 canonical passages across 3 cases, quoted by 20 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from New York Times Co. v. United States Department of Defense.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | New York Times Co. v. United States Department of Defense Anchor | green | “summary judgment is the procedural vehicle by which most foia actions are resolved.” | 6 |
| 2 | American Civil Liberties Union v. Department of Justice | green | “an agency withholding documents responsive to a foia request bears the burden of proving the applicability of claimed exemptions.” | 5 |
| 3 | American Civil Liberties Union v. Department of Justice | green | “affidavits or declarations . . . giving reasonably detailed explanations why any withheld documents fall within an exemption are sufficient to sustain the agency's burden.” | 3 |
| 4 | Seife v. FDA | green | “affidavits or declarations . . . giving reasonably detailed explanations why any withheld documents fall within an exemption are sufficient to sustain the agency's burden.” | 3 |
| 5 | Seife v. FDA | green | “an additional, independent burden on the agency.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.