4 canonical passages across 2 cases, quoted by 20 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Skakel v. Grace.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Skakel v. Grace Anchor | green | “defamation is comprised of the torts of libel and slander: slander is oral defamation and libel is written defamation.” | 9 |
| 2 | Gambardella v. Apple Health Care, Inc. | green | “(1) the defendant published a defamatory statement; (2) the defamatory statement identified the plaintiff to a third person; (3) the defamatory statement was published to a third person; and (4) the plaintiff's reputation suffered injury as a result of the statement.” | 4 |
| 3 | Gambardella v. Apple Health Care, Inc. | green | “to establish a prima facie case of defamation, the plaintiff must demonstrate that: (1) the defendant published a defamatory statement; (2) the defamatory statement identified the plaintiff to a third person; (3) the defamatory statement was published to a third person; and (4) …” | 4 |
| 4 | Gambardella v. Apple Health Care, Inc. | green | “a defamatory statement is defined as a communication that tends to harm the reputation of another as to lower him in the estimation of the community or to deter third persons from associating or dealing with him.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.