6 canonical passages across 6 cases, quoted by 20 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Judicial Inquiry & Review Comm'n of Va. v. Pomrenke.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Judicial Inquiry & Review Comm'n of Va. v. Pomrenke Anchor | green | “the term 'clear and convincing evidence' has been defined as 'that measure or degree of proof which will produce in the mind of the trier of facts a firm belief or conviction as to the allegations sought to be established.” | 4 |
| 2 | Golan v. Saada | green | “was adopted in 1980 in response to the problem of international child abductions during domestic disputes.” | 4 |
| 3 | Kevin Coe v. Seon Hwa Coe | green | “under icara, state and federal district courts have concurrent original jurisdiction of actions arising under the convention.” | 3 |
| 4 | In Re: Brown | green | “such a standard cannot be met with evidence that leaves 'competing inferences "equally probable.” | 3 |
| 5 | Adam Yafi v. Stafford Department of Social Services | green | “demonstrated failure of father to make reasonable changes.” | 3 |
| 6 | Knox v. Lynchburg Division of Social Services | green | “there was no clear and convincing evidence that he was an unfit parent, thus violating his due process rights under the fourteenth amendment to the united states constitution, article i section 11 of the virginia - 20 - constitution, and section 16.1-283 of the code of virginia.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.