3 canonical passages across 2 cases, quoted by 19 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from United States v. Ober.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States v. Ober Anchor | green | “the military judge has an independent duty to determine and deliver appropriate instructions.” | 14 |
| 2 | United States v. Westmoreland | green | “must bear the primary responsibility for assuring that the panel properly is instructed on the elements of the offenses raised by the evidence as well as potential defenses and other questions of law.” | 2 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.