3 canonical passages across 2 cases, quoted by 18 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Quarles v. Philip Morris, Incorporated.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Quarles v. Philip Morris, Incorporated Anchor | green | “congress did not intend to freeze an entire generation of negro employees into discriminatory patterns that existed before the act.” | 8 |
| 2 | Marcus Jones, Willie B. Hodge, Clifton Nickels and Clarence L. Irving v. Lee Way Motor Freight, Inc. | green | “in racial discrimination cases, statistics often demonstrate more than the testimony of many witnesses, and they should be given proper effect by the courts.” | 7 |
| 3 | Quarles v. Philip Morris, Incorporated | green | “it is apparent that congress did not intend to freeze an entire generation of negro employees into discriminatory patterns that existed before the act.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.