8 canonical passages across 7 cases, quoted by 120 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from United States v. Calderon.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States v. Calderon Anchor | green | “request permission to withdraw where counsel conscientiously examines a case and determines that any appeal would be wholly frivolous.” | 62 |
| 2 | United States v. Calderon | green | “conduct a full examination of the record to determine whether defendant's claims are wholly frivolous.” | 29 |
| 3 | United States v. George Don Galloway | green | “such claims brought on direct appeal are presumptively dismissible, and virtually all will be dismissed.” | 10 |
| 4 | United States v. Lain | green | “frivolous means lacking a legal basis or legal merit; not serious; not reasonably purposeful.” | 7 |
| 5 | United States v. Cano-Varela | green | “to show rule 11 plain error, a defendant must show (1) error that (2) is plain which (3) affected his substantial rights and (4) seriously affected the fairness, integrity or public reputation of judicial proceedings.” | 4 |
| 6 | United States v. Algarate-Valencia | green | “appellate courts review sentencing decisions first for procedural reasonableness, and then for substantive reasonableness.” | 4 |
| 7 | United States of America, and v. Sonia Gallegos, and Cross-Appellee | green | “where such claims were adequately developed by the district court prior to appeal.” | 2 |
| 8 | United States v. Dunbar | green | “was an abuse of discretion because it was arbitrary, capricious, whimsical, or manifestly unreasonable.” | 2 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.