4 canonical passages across 3 cases, quoted by 15 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Suna v. Bailey Corp..
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Suna v. Bailey Corp. Anchor | green | “(1) specify the statements that the plaintiff contends were fraudulent, (2) identify the speaker, (3) state where and when the statements were made, and (4) explain why the statements were fraudulent.” | 6 |
| 2 | Suna v. Bailey Corp. | green | “specify the statements that the plaintiff contends were fraudulent” | 3 |
| 3 | D'Agostino v. EV3, Inc. | green | “allege with particularity the who, what, when, where, and how of the fraud.” | 3 |
| 4 | Rick v. Profit Management Associates, Inc. | green | “where there are multiple defendants, the specific role of each must be alleged.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.