4 canonical passages across 4 cases, quoted by 15 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Bailets, R. v. Pa. Turnpike Commission, Aplt..
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bailets, R. v. Pa. Turnpike Commission, Aplt. Anchor | green | “generally, under pennsylvania law, damages need not be proved with mathematical certainty, but only with reasonable certainty, and evidence of damages may consist of probabilities and inferences.” | 6 |
| 2 | Massachusetts Bonding & Ins. v. Johnston & Harder, Inc. | green | “where there is a basis in the evidence for a reasonable computation of the damages suffered considering the nature of the transaction, a verdict may be based thereon, though there may be involved some uncertainty about it.” | 3 |
| 3 | Osterling v. Frick | green | “one injured by the default of another will not be denied redress where his damages therefrom are shown approximately, although with less certainty because of injury of like character inflicted upon him by the acts of others.” | 3 |
| 4 | Witherspoon, W. v. Wright, D. | green | “it is only required that the proof afford a reasonable basis from which the fact-finder can calculate the plaintiff's loss.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.