4 canonical passages across 3 cases, quoted by 14 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Leandro v. State.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Leandro v. State Anchor | green | “when a government action is challenged as unconstitutional, the courts have a duty to determine whether that action exceeds constitutional limits.” | 6 |
| 2 | City of Greensboro v. Wall | green | “tested by fire in the crucible of actual controversy.” | 4 |
| 3 | Leandro v. State | green | “the fundamental educational right under the north carolina constitution is limited to one of equal access to education, and it does not embrace a qualitative standard.” | 3 |
| 4 | Leandro v. State | green | “is limited to one of equal access to education, and it does not embrace a qualitative standard.” | 1 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.