3 canonical passages across 2 cases, quoted by 14 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Commonwealth v. Brazil.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Commonwealth v. Brazil Anchor | green | “when a defendant seeks to waive the right to counsel, the trial court is required to conduct, on the record, a full and complete waiver colloquy to determine whether the defendant's waiver is knowing, voluntary, and intelligent.” | 6 |
| 2 | Commonwealth v. Johnson | green | “a trial court's thorough inquiry into the accused's appreciation of both the right to counsel and the right to represent oneself must be used in certain summary proceedings, at trial, guilty plea hearings, sentencing, and every 'critical stage' of a criminal proceeding.” | 5 |
| 3 | Commonwealth v. Johnson | green | “both the right to counsel and the right to self-representation are guaranteed by the sixth amendment to the united states constitution and by article i, section nine of the pennsylvania constitution.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.