3 canonical passages across 2 cases, quoted by 12 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from United States v. Charles Williams, Jr..
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States v. Charles Williams, Jr. Anchor | green | “constitutes a 'seizure' under the fourth amendment and is thus subject to a reasonableness requirement.” | 5 |
| 2 | United States v. Charles Williams, Jr. | green | “a traffic stop constitutes a 'seizure' under the fourth amendment and is thus subject to a reasonableness requirement.” | 4 |
| 3 | United States v. Brian Bowman | green | “the officer's actions during the seizure were reasonably related in scope to the basis for the traffic stop.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.