4 canonical passages across 4 cases, quoted by 12 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from In re Joseph E..
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In re Joseph E. Anchor | green | “a child is abandoned if his or her parent 'evinces an intent to forego his or her parental rights and obligations as manifested by his or her failure to visit the child and communicate with the child or petitioner, although able to do so and not prevented or discouraged from doi…” | 3 |
| 2 | In re Maddison B. | green | “to defeat an otherwise viable claim of abandonment” | 3 |
| 3 | In re Christina S. | green | “petitioner was not required to show that it made diligent efforts to encourage the father to maintain contact with his daughter in order to prevail on the abandonment petition” | 3 |
| 4 | Aikens Construction of Rome, Inc. v. Simons | green | “for the period of six months immediately prior to the date on which the petition for abandonment is filed” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.