8 canonical passages across 6 cases, quoted by 88 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Field v. Mans.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Field v. Mans Anchor | green | “a person is justified in relying on a representation of fact 'although he might have ascertained the falsity of the representation had he made an investigation.” | 26 |
| 2 | Field v. Mans | green | “blindly rely upon a misrepresentation the falsity of which would be patent to him if he had utilized his opportunity to make a cursory examination or investigation.” | 20 |
| 3 | Bletnitsky v. Jairath (In Re Jairath) | green | “where a person knowingly or recklessly makes false representations which the person knows or should know will induce another to act, the finder of fact may logically infer an intent to deceive.” | 14 |
| 4 | In the Matter of John E. Mayer and Deborah Mayer, Debtors-Appellants v. Spanel International Ltd. And Bank One-Rockford, N.A., Creditors-Appellees | green | “reliance means the conjunction of a material misrepresentation with causation in fact.” | 8 |
| 5 | Memorial Hospital v. Sarama (In Re Sarama) | green | “instead, omissions or a failure to disclose on the part of a debtor can constitute misrepresentations where the circumstances are such that omissions or failure to disclose create a false impression which is known by the debtor.” | 6 |
| 6 | Trustees of the Operating Engineers Local 965 Health Benefit Plan v. Westfall (In Re Westfall) | green | “a debtor's silence regarding a material fact can constitute a false representation under 523(a)(2)(a).” | 5 |
| 7 | Johnston v. Campbell (In Re Campbell) | green | “however, a 'plaintiff may not bury his head in the sand and willfully ignore obvious falsehoods.” | 5 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.