2 canonical passages across 2 cases, quoted by 6 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Rowell v. Bowling.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rowell v. Bowling Anchor | green | “normally, in medical malpractice actions, both the standard of care and its breach must be established by expert testimony.” | 3 |
| 2 | Smith v. Axelbank | green | “for the doctrine to apply in a medical malpractice claim, a plaintiff must allege facts from which a layperson could infer negligence by the defendant based on common knowledge and ordinary human experience.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.