Topic: knowledge is essential; however, neither knowledge nor pres… · Go Syfert
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Topic #45030

2 canonical passages across 2 cases, quoted by 6 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from State v. Barnes.

#Case FlagCanonical passage Citers
1 State v. Barnes Anchor
iowa · 1972
green “knowledge is essential; however, neither knowledge nor presence at the scene of the crime is sufficient to prove aiding and abetting.” 3
2 State v. Lewis
iowa · 1994
green “presence, companionship, and conduct before and after the offense is committed' may be enough from which to infer a defendant's participation in the crime.” 3

A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.

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