4 canonical passages across 3 cases, quoted by 71 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Edward Arthur v. Maersk, Inc. D/B/A Maersk Line Ltd. Dyn Corp. Technical Services D/B/A Dyn Marine Services the United States of America.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Edward Arthur v. Maersk, Inc. D/B/A Maersk Line Ltd. Dyn Corp. Technical Services D/B/A Dyn Marine Services the United States of America Anchor | green | “leave to amend must generally be granted unless equitable considerations render it otherwise unjust.” | 35 |
| 2 | Edward Arthur v. Maersk, Inc. D/B/A Maersk Line Ltd. Dyn Corp. Technical Services D/B/A Dyn Marine Services the United States of America | green | “among the factors that may justify denial of leave to amend are undue delay, bad faith, and futility.” | 18 |
| 3 | Marlowe Patent Holdings LLC v. Dice Electronics, LLC | green | “frivolous or advance a claim or defense that is legally insufficient on its face . . . .” | 11 |
| 4 | Pharmaceutical Sales and Consulting Corp. v. JWS Delavau Co., Inc. | green | “courts place a heavy burden on opponents who wish to declare a proposed amendment futile.” | 7 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.