4 canonical passages across 2 cases, quoted by 65 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Washington v. Davis.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Washington v. Davis Anchor | green | “the central purpose of the equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment is the prevention of official conduct discriminating on the basis of race.” | 51 |
| 2 | Washington v. Seattle School District No. 1 | green | “by lodging decisionmaking authority over the question at a new and remote level of government.” | 7 |
| 3 | Washington v. Seattle School District No. 1 | green | “at bottom inures primarily to the benefit of the minority, and is designed for that purpose.” | 4 |
| 4 | Washington v. Seattle School District No. 1 | green | “inures primarily to the benefit of the minority” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.