3 canonical passages across 2 cases, quoted by 59 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Frank v. Dana Corp..
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Frank v. Dana Corp. Anchor | green | “(1) specify the statements that the plaintiff contends were fraudulent, (2) identify the speaker, (3) state where and when the statements were made, and (4) explain why the statements were fraudulent.” | 40 |
| 2 | Philip H. Sanderson v. Hca-The Healthcare Company Columbia Health Care Corporation Hospital Corporation of America and Healthtrust Inc. | green | “who, what, when, where, and how” | 10 |
| 3 | Philip H. Sanderson v. Hca-The Healthcare Company Columbia Health Care Corporation Hospital Corporation of America and Healthtrust Inc. | green | “who, what, when, where, and how of the alleged fraud.” | 9 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.