4 canonical passages across 3 cases, quoted by 55 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Miller v. Village of East Hampton.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Miller v. Village of East Hampton Anchor | green | “recognized exceptions to the prior written notice requirement exist where the municipality created the defect or hazard through an affirmative act of negligence, or where a special use confers a special benefit upon it” | 18 |
| 2 | Forbes v. City of New York | green | “the only two recognized exceptions to a prior written notice requirement are the municipality's affirmative creation of a defect or where the defect is created by the municipality's special use of the property” | 16 |
| 3 | Forbes v. City of New York | green | “a municipality that has adopted a 'prior written notice law' cannot be held liable for a defect within the scope of the law absent the requisite written notice, unless an exception to the requirement applies” | 15 |
| 4 | Barnes v. Incorporated Village of Port Jefferson | green | “a municipality that has adopted a prior written notice law cannot be held liable for a defect within the scope of the law absent the requisite written notice, unless an exception to the requirement applies” | 6 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.