8 canonical passages across 6 cases, quoted by 49 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Park Place Hospital v. Estate of Milo.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Park Place Hospital v. Estate of Milo Anchor | green | “is whether, by a preponderance of the evidence, the negligent act or omission is shown to be a substantial factor in bringing about the harm and without which the harm would not have occurred.” | 13 |
| 2 | Duff v. Yelin | green | “reasonable medical probability” | 11 |
| 3 | St. Joseph Hospital v. Wolff | green | “shared without special or distinguishing characteristics.” | 9 |
| 4 | Pipgras v. Hart | green | “no precise evidence is required to support an award of future medical damages” | 4 |
| 5 | Duff v. Yelin | green | “reasonable medical probability.” | 3 |
| 6 | Furr's, Inc. v. Logan | green | “reasonable medical probability.” | 3 |
| 7 | David L. Smith & Associates, L.L.P. v. Stealth Detection, Inc. | green | “that gain was not shared without special or distinguishing characteristics,” | 3 |
| 8 | Pipgras v. Hart | green | “life expectancy, medical advances, and the future cost of products, services, and money are not matters of certainty” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.