5 canonical passages across 3 cases, quoted by 47 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from United States v. Hughes.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States v. Hughes Anchor | green | “the procedural default rule generally precludes consideration of an argument made on collateral review that was not made on direct appeal, unless the defendant shows cause and prejudice.” | 19 |
| 2 | United States v. Pettigrew, Craig | green | “must at least demonstrate that 'there is a reasonable probability that, but for the errors, the result of the proceeding would have been different.” | 16 |
| 3 | United States v. Pettigrew, Craig | green | “there is a reasonable probability that, but for the errors, the result of the proceeding would have been different.” | 5 |
| 4 | In Re: Andre Williams | green | “a new rule of constitutional law, made retroactive to cases on collateral review by the supreme court, that was previously unavailable.” | 4 |
| 5 | United States v. Hughes | green | “generally precludes consideration of an argument made on collateral review that was not made on direct appeal, unless the defendant shows cause and prejudice.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.