10 canonical passages across 7 cases, quoted by 36 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from United States v. Julio Cesar Vasquez-Lopez.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States v. Julio Cesar Vasquez-Lopez Anchor | green | “he constitution forbids striking even a single prospective juror for a discriminatory purpose.” | 6 |
| 2 | Reynolds v. United States | green | “he manner of the juror while testifying is oftentimes more indicative of the real character of his opinion than his words. that is seen below, but cannot always be spread upon the record.” | 5 |
| 3 | Graves v. State | green | “the cold record is a poor substitute for demeanor observation.” | 5 |
| 4 | United States v. Rutledge | green | “the analytical structure established by batson cannot operate properly if the second and third steps are conflated.” | 3 |
| 5 | State v. Lamon | green | “as part of this third step, a defendant may show that the reasons proffered by the state are pretexts for racial discrimination.” | 3 |
| 6 | Kaczmarek v. State | green | “an adequate discussion of the district court's reasoning may be critical to our ability to assess the district court's resolution of any conflict in the evidence regarding pretext” | 3 |
| 7 | Kaczmarek v. State | green | “at the third step, especially, an adequate discussion of the district court's reasoning may be critical to our ability to assess the district court's resolution of any conflict in the evidence regarding pretext.” | 3 |
| 8 | Kaczmarek v. State | green | “unless a discriminatory intent is inherent in the prosecutor's explanation, the reason offered will be deemed race neutral.” | 3 |
| 9 | United States v. Eugene Thompson | green | “snyder does not require a district court to make record findings of a juror's demeanor where the prosecutor justifies the strike based on demeanor alone.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.