3 canonical passages across 2 cases, quoted by 45 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Skinner v. Square D Co..
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Skinner v. Square D Co. Anchor | green | “to be adequate, a plaintiff's circumstantial proof must facilitate reasonable inferences of causation, not mere speculation.” | 18 |
| 2 | Skinner v. Square D Co. | green | “the cause in fact element generally requires showing that 'but for' the defendant's actions, the plaintiff's injury would not have occurred.” | 17 |
| 3 | Hill v. Sears, Roebuck and Co | green | “(1) the defendant owed the plaintiff a legal duty, (2) the defendant breached the legal duty, (3) the plaintiff suffered damages, and (4) the defendant's breach was a proximate cause of the plaintiff's damages.” | 10 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.