4 canonical passages across 3 cases, quoted by 45 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Halo Electronics, Inc. v. Pulse Electronics, Inc..
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Halo Electronics, Inc. v. Pulse Electronics, Inc. Anchor | green | “culpability is generally measured against the knowledge of the actor at the time of the challenged conduct.” | 25 |
| 2 | Eko Brands, LLC v. Adrian Rivera Maynez Enters. | green | “under halo, the concept of 'willfulness' requires a jury to find no more than deliberate or intentional infringement.” | 7 |
| 3 | Bayer Healthcare LLC v. Baxalta Inc. | green | “to establish willfulness, the patentee must show the accused infringer had a specific intent to infringe at the time of the challenged conduct.” | 7 |
| 4 | Eko Brands, LLC v. Adrian Rivera Maynez Enters. | green | “the concept of 'willfulness' requires a jury to find no more than deliberate or intentional infringement.” | 6 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.