8 canonical passages across 6 cases, quoted by 44 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Pena.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Pena Anchor | green | “whenever the government treats any person unequally because of his or her race, that person has suffered an injury that falls squarely within the language and spirit of the constitution's guarantee of equal protection.” | 13 |
| 2 | Crawford v. Board of Ed. of Los Angeles | green | “between state action that discriminates on the basis of race and state action that addresses, in neutral fashion, race-related matters.” | 6 |
| 3 | Lungren v. Superior Court | green | “most definitions of the term would include not only the conduct which proposition 209 would ban, i.e., discrimination and preferential treatment, but also other efforts such as outreach programs.” | 5 |
| 4 | Eugene Glick, M.D., and Planned Parenthood of Washoe County v. Brian McKay Attorney General of the State of Nevada | green | “the facts are established or of no controlling relevance.” | 4 |
| 5 | Armstrong v. Mazurek | green | “if the movant has shown either a likelihood of success on the merits and the possibility of irreparable injury, or that serious questions are raised and the balance of hardships tips sharply in the movant's favor.” | 4 |
| 6 | Coalition for Economic Equity v. Wilson | green | “from implementing or enforcing proposition 209 insofar as said amendment to the constitution of the state of california purports to prohibit or affect affirmative action programs in public employment, public education or public contracting.” | 4 |
| 7 | Coalition for Economic Equity v. Wilson | green | “only to that slice of the initiative that now prohibits governmental entities at every level from taking voluntary action to remediate past and present discrimination through the use of constitutionally permissible race- and gender-conscious affirmative action programs.” | 4 |
| 8 | Coalition for Economic Equity v. Wilson | green | “the compelling interest in remedying discrimination that underlies existing constitutionally-permissible state-sponsored affirmative action programs threatened by proposition 209.” | 4 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.