4 canonical passages across 2 cases, quoted by 44 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from In Re: George Jercich, Debtor. James A. Petralia v. George Jercich.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In Re: George Jercich, Debtor. James A. Petralia v. George Jercich Anchor | green | “(1) a wrongful act, (2) done intentionally, (3) which necessarily causes injury, and (4) is done without just cause or excuse.” | 12 |
| 2 | In Re Nancy Shao Su in Re Louis C. Su, A/K/A Chienlu Su, Debtors. Dora Carrillo v. Louis C. Su | green | “willful injury requirement is met only when the debtor has a subjective motive to inflict injury or when the debtor believes that injury is substantially certain to result from his own conduct.” | 12 |
| 3 | In Re: George Jercich, Debtor. James A. Petralia v. George Jercich | green | “a 'malicious' injury involves '(1) a wrongful act, (2) done intentionally, (3) which necessarily causes injury, and (4) is done without just cause or excuse.” | 11 |
| 4 | In Re: George Jercich, Debtor. James A. Petralia v. George Jercich | green | “a malicious injury involves (1) a wrongful act, (2) done intentionally, (3) which necessarily causes injury, and (4) is done without just cause or excuse.” | 9 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.