6 canonical passages across 4 cases, quoted by 224 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Wagoner v. Exxon Mobil Corp..
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wagoner v. Exxon Mobil Corp. Anchor | green | “he set of criteria known as the bradford hill criteria has been widely acknowledged as providing an appropriate framework for assessing whether a causal relationship underlies a statistically significant association between an agent and a disease.” | 56 |
| 2 | United States v. Thomas Greco, Jr. | green | “a failure to collect evidence that may or may not have been available for collection is very different from the intentional destruction of evidence that constitutes spoliation.” | 55 |
| 3 | Wagoner v. Exxon Mobil Corp. | green | “whether epidemiological studies support an expert's opinion on the question of general causation in a toxic tort case is critical to determining the reliability of the opinion.” | 55 |
| 4 | Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. v. Havner | green | “evidence concerning specific causation in toxic tort cases is admissible only as a follow-up to admissible general-causation evidence.” | 49 |
| 5 | Seaman v. Seacor Marine L.L.C. | green | “without any facts that would establish the allegedly harmful level of exposure, . . . dr. prellop's opinion regarding diesel exhaust does not establish general causation.” | 6 |
| 6 | Seaman v. Seacor Marine L.L.C. | green | “without admissible expert evidence in this toxic-tort case, cannot prove causation.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.