Florida Statute 673.2051 - Full Text and Legal Analysis

The 2025 Florida Statutes

Title XXXIX
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS

Chapter 673
UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE: NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS

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F.S. 673.2051

673.2051 Special indorsement; blank indorsement; anomalous indorsement.—

(1) If an indorsement is made by the holder of an instrument, whether payable to an identified person or payable to bearer, and the indorsement identifies a person to whom it makes the instrument payable, it is a “special indorsement.” When specially indorsed, an instrument becomes payable to the identified person and may be negotiated only by the indorsement of that person. The principles stated in s. 673.1101 apply to special indorsements.

(2) If an indorsement is made by the holder of an instrument and it is not a special indorsement, it is a “blank indorsement.” When indorsed in blank, an instrument becomes payable to bearer and may be negotiated by transfer of possession alone until specially indorsed.

(3) The holder may convert a blank indorsement that consists only of a signature into a special indorsement by writing, above the signature of the indorser, words identifying the person to whom the instrument is made payable.

(4) The term “anomalous indorsement” means an indorsement made by a person who is not the holder of the instrument. An anomalous indorsement does not affect the manner in which the instrument may be negotiated.

History.—s. 2, ch. 92-82.

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Amendments to 673.2051

Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases Citing Statute 673.2051

Total Results: 48

Riggs v. AURORA LOAN SERVICES, LLC

36 So. 3d 932, 72 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. 2d (West) 888, 2010 Fla. App. LEXIS 8652, 2010 WL 2382584

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Jun 16, 2010 | Docket: 2511669

Cited 34 times | Published

"identif[y] a person to whom" it made the note payable. § 673.2051(1), Fla. Stat. (2008). Because it was not a special

Dixon v. Express Equity Lending Group, LLLP

125 So. 3d 965, 2013 WL 2420417, 2013 Fla. App. LEXIS 8887

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Jun 5, 2013 | Docket: 60236137

Cited 17 times | Published

Midas, 954 So.2d 750, 752 (Fla. 4th DCA 2007). Section 673.2051(1), Florida Statutes (2009), provides, in

Deutsche Bank National Trust Co. v. Lippi

78 So. 3d 81, 2012 Fla. App. LEXIS 679, 2012 WL 162023

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Jan 20, 2012 | Docket: 1910708

Cited 13 times | Published

whom the note is payable. See id. Pursuant to section 673.2051(2), Florida Statutes, the note was payable

Harvey v. Deutsche Bank National Trust Co.

69 So. 3d 300, 2011 Fla. App. LEXIS 10194, 2011 WL 1485310

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Jun 29, 2011 | Docket: 2360271

Cited 10 times | Published

“identify] a person to whom” it made the note payable. § 673.2051(1), Fla. Stat. (2008). Be*304cause it was not

Gorel v. Bank of New York Mellon

165 So. 3d 44, 2015 WL 2129505

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: May 8, 2015 | Docket: 60248197

Cited 6 times | Published

undated indorsement to Chase, but not to Bank. Section 673.2051(1), Florida Statutes (2013), provides that

Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. v. Morcom

125 So. 3d 320, 2013 WL 5575634, 2013 Fla. App. LEXIS 16188

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Oct 11, 2013 | Docket: 60235835

Cited 4 times | Published

So.3d 300, 304 (Fla. 4th DCA 2011)); see also § 673.2051, Fla. Stat. (2010). In the present case, the

PennyMac Corp. v. Frost

214 So. 3d 686, 92 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. 2d (West) 169, 2017 WL 1013192, 2017 Fla. App. LEXIS 3441

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Mar 15, 2017 | Docket: 60264214

Cited 3 times | Published

indorsement” must be “made by the holder” of the note. § 673.2051(2), Fla. Stat. (2015). An indorsement “made by

Snowden v. Wells Fargo Bank

172 So. 3d 506, 2015 Fla. App. LEXIS 11651, 2015 WL 4623731

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Aug 4, 2015 | Docket: 60250077

Cited 3 times | Published

the note from New Century Mortgage Corp. See § 673.2051(2), Fla. Stat. In the Answer and Affirmative

Schmidt v. Deutsche Bank

170 So. 3d 938, 2015 Fla. App. LEXIS 11576, 2015 WL 4577287

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Jul 31, 2015 | Docket: 60249538

Cited 3 times | Published

of possession alone until specially indorsed.” § 673.2051(2), Fla. Stat. (2006). Two days after filing

U.S. Bank National Ass'n v. Becker

211 So. 3d 142, 2017 WL 514340, 2017 Fla. App. LEXIS 1546

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Feb 8, 2017 | Docket: 60262544

Cited 2 times | Published

person who is not the holder of the instrument.” § 673.2051(4), Fla. Stat. (2013). “An anomalous indorsement

Seidler v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.

179 So. 3d 416, 2015 Fla. App. LEXIS 16918, 2015 WL 7008174

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Nov 12, 2015 | Docket: 60251755

Cited 2 times | Published

of possession alone until specially indorsed.” § 673.2051(2), Fla. Stat. The trial court admitted Exhibit

Anastacia S. Lacombe and Max P. Lacombe v. Deutsche Bank National Trust Company, etc.

149 So. 3d 152, 2014 WL 5139296

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Oct 22, 2014 | Docket: 1422054

Cited 2 times | Published

specific payee, Long Beach Mortgage Company. § 673.2051(1), Fla. Stat. Negotiation of the note thus required

U.S. Bank National Ass'n v. Knight

90 So. 3d 824, 77 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. 2d (West) 335, 2012 Fla. App. LEXIS 5570, 2012 WL 1192143

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Apr 11, 2012 | Docket: 60309647

Cited 2 times | Published

“negotiated by transfer of possession alone.” § 673.2051(2), Fla. Stat. (2008). The negotiation of the

Wells Fargo Bank v. Diz

253 So. 3d 705

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Aug 8, 2018 | Docket: 7619131

Cited 1 times | Published

of possession alone until specially indorsed.” § 673.2051(2), Fla. Stat. 2013. In Ortiz v. PNC

HSBC Bank USA v. Buset

241 So. 3d 882

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Feb 7, 2018 | Docket: 6297807

Cited 1 times | Published

name a specific payee, as happened here. See § 673.2051(3) (“The holder may convert a blank indorsement

Elsman v. HSBC BANK USA

182 So. 3d 770, 2015 Fla. App. LEXIS 19500, 2015 WL 9491875

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Dec 31, 2015 | Docket: 60252816

Cited 1 times | Published

negotiated only by the in-dorsement of that person. § 673.2051(1), Fla. Stat. (2009). “The endorsement must

David Lee Ham, Jr. v. Nationstar Mortgage, LLC.

164 So. 3d 714, 2015 WL 2189768

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: May 26, 2015 | Docket: 2659801

Cited 1 times | Published

the Note payable to the bearer. See § 673.2051(2), Fla. Stat. Appellant’s answer to the

Paul G. Matthews and Maryellen L. Matthews v. Federal National Mortgage Association

160 So. 3d 131, 2015 Fla. App. LEXIS 4278, 2015 WL 1334310

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Mar 25, 2015 | Docket: 2679436

Cited 1 times | Published

GERBER, JJ., concur. 1 . Section 673.2051, Florida Statutes (2010), defines endorsement

Mark Pennington v. Ocwen Loan Servicing, LLC

151 So. 3d 52, 2014 WL 5740990

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Nov 5, 2014 | Docket: 2593253

Cited 1 times | Published

a specific payee: Countrywide. See § 673.2051(1), Fla. Stat. As such, negotiation of the note

HSBC Bank USA, NA as Trustee, etc. v. Costel Serban

148 So. 3d 1287

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Oct 22, 2014 | Docket: 1421748

Cited 1 times | Published

endorsement from Gateway Funding. See § 673.2051(2), Fla. Stat. For five years, the case

U. S. BANK TRUST, N. A., AS TRUSTEE, LSF9 MASTER PARTICIPATION TRUST v. RODRIGUEZ, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, ON BEHALF OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEV.

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Nov 22, 2024 | Docket: 69404293

Published

before filing the foreclosure complaint. See § 673.2051(1) ("When specially indorsed, an instrument

DEUTSCHE BANK NATIONAL TRUST, ETC. v. FLEMING HARRIS

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Aug 12, 2020 | Docket: 17436372

Published

of possession alone until specially indorsed.” § 673.2051, Fla. Stat. (2019).

CATHERINE P. COX v. U.S. BANK, TRUST N.A., AS TRUSTEE FOR LSF9 MASTER PARTICIPATION TRUST

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Mar 11, 2020 | Docket: 16955847

Published

must be “made by the holder” of the note. § 673.2051(2), Fla. Stat. (2015). An indorsement

SILVIA VITERI v. DEUTSCHE BANK NATIONAL TRUST COMPANY, AS TRUSTEE FOR HARBORVIEW MORTGAGE LOAN PASS-THROUGH CERTIFICATES, SERIES 2006-7

264 So. 3d 963

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Feb 13, 2019 | Docket: 14549584

Published

“negotiated by transfer of possession alone.” § 673.2051(2), Fla. Stat. (2014) (emphasis added)

Aquasol Condo Assoc. v. HSBC Bank USA

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Oct 31, 2018 | Docket: 8110464

Published

contending that the the note to itself. See § 673.2051(3), Fla. Stat. (2013) (providing: “The holder

Aquasol Condo Assoc. v. HSBC Bank USA

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Aug 15, 2018 | Docket: 7664423

Published

subsequently indorsed the note to itself. See § 673.2051(3), Fla. Stat. (2013) (providing: “The holder

Buckingham v. Bank of America, N.A.

230 So. 3d 923

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Oct 25, 2017 | Docket: 6179435

Published

manner in which the instrument may be negotiated,” § 673.2051(4), Fla. Stat. (2014).

GMAC MORTGAGE, LLC v. LINDA PISANO AND STEVEN PISANO

227 So. 3d 1279, 2017 WL 4535006

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Oct 11, 2017 | Docket: 6167443

Published

demonstrates that it could be transferred. See § 673.2051(2), Fla. Stat. (‘When indorsed in blank, an instrument

Richard M. Rigby v. Bank of New York Mellon

228 So. 3d 183

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Sep 18, 2017 | Docket: 6158972

Published

to “the order of Countrywide Bank, N.A.” See § 673.2051(1), Fla. Stat. (stating that a special indorsement

Sandra A. Forero and William L. Forero v. Green Tree Servicing, LLC

223 So. 3d 440, 2017 WL 2989493, 2017 Fla. App. LEXIS 10145

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Jul 14, 2017 | Docket: 6119596

Published

negotiable by transfer of possession alone. See § 673.2051(2), Fla. Stat.; see also §§ 671.201(21), 673

Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. v. Sheikha

221 So. 3d 657, 2017 WL 2569781, 2017 Fla. App. LEXIS 8667

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Jun 14, 2017 | Docket: 60268326

Published

2071 procedure is an exception to the rule in section 673.2051(1) that the person identified in a special

Powell v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.

219 So. 3d 828, 2017 WL 1403617, 2017 Fla. App. LEXIS 5360

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Apr 19, 2017 | Docket: 60266936

Published

negotiated only by the indorsement of that person.” § 673.2051(1), Fla. Stat. (2015) (emphasis added). ‘Where

Deutsche Bank National Trust Co. v. Mobley

212 So. 3d 511, 2017 WL 928529, 2017 Fla. App. LEXIS 3095

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Mar 8, 2017 | Docket: 4615308

Published

endorsement only supports Deutsche Bank’s standing. Section 673.2051(3), Florida Statutes (2016), specifies that

Wilmington Savings Fund Society, FSB v. Louissaint

212 So. 3d 473, 91 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. 2d (West) 1126, 2017 WL 651816, 2017 Fla. App. LEXIS 2163

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Feb 17, 2017 | Docket: 4609710

Published

of possession alone until specially indorsed.” § 673.2051(2), Fla. Stat. (2015). “[U]nder *476

Houk v. PennyMac Corp.

210 So. 3d 726, 2017 WL 535437, 2017 Fla. App. LEXIS 1659

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Feb 10, 2017 | Docket: 4583387

Published

negotiated only by the indorsement of that person.” § 673.2051(1), Fla. Stat. (2013). Where a bank is seeking

Robert K. Walton v. Deutsche Bank National Trust Co., etc.

201 So. 3d 831, 2016 Fla. App. LEXIS 15547

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Oct 19, 2016 | Docket: 4480289

Published

to bearer and negotiable by possession alone. § 673.2051(2), Fla. Stat. Deutsche Bank alleged in Count

Abraham Segall v. Wachovia Bank

192 So. 3d 1241, 2016 Fla. App. LEXIS 8354, 2016 WL 3065599

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Jun 1, 2016 | Docket: 3071372

Published

So.3d 1039, 1040 (Fla. 4th DCA 2015) (quoting § 673.2051(1), Fla. Stat. (2013)); see also Guzman

In re Elowitz

550 B.R. 603, 75 Collier Bankr. Cas. 2d 1237, 26 Fla. L. Weekly Fed. B 205, 89 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. 2d (West) 823, 2016 Bankr. LEXIS 2206

United States Bankruptcy Court, S.D. Florida. | Filed: May 17, 2016 | Docket: 65788662

Published

possession alone until specially indorsed. Fla. Stat. § 673.2051(1), (2). The transfer of an instrument, “whether

Federal National Mortgage Association v. McFadyen

194 So. 3d 418, 89 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. 2d (West) 652, 2016 WL 1658773, 2016 Fla. App. LEXIS 6351

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Apr 27, 2016 | Docket: 3058480

Published

indorsed in blank pursuant to s. 673.2051(2).”); § 673.2051(2), Fla. Stat. (2015) ("If an indorsement is

Edgar Braga v. Fannie Mae ("Federal National Mortgage Association")

187 So. 3d 1272, 2016 Fla. App. LEXIS 5281, 2016 WL 1366601

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Apr 6, 2016 | Docket: 3051139

Published

181 So.3d 562, 564 (Fla. 4th DCA 2015) (quoting § 673.2051(2), Fla. Stat. (2014)). If a plaintiffs standing

Jorge Sosa and Jeanette Sosa v. The Bank of New York Mellon

187 So. 3d 943, 2016 Fla. App. LEXIS 4518, 2016 WL 1129877

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Mar 23, 2016 | Docket: 3046947

Published

note bearing a special indorsement, under section 673.2051(1), Florida Statutes, (2014), the “instrument

Rincon v. HSBC Bank

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Feb 22, 2016 | Docket: 3045493

Published

3 § 673.2051(1), Fla. Stat. (2012). "If the note does

Brindise v. U.S. Bank National Association

183 So. 3d 1215, 2016 Fla. App. LEXIS 653, 2016 WL 229572

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Jan 20, 2016 | Docket: 3029528

Published

an assignment through a blank indorsement. See § 673.2051(2), Fla. Stat. (2014) (“If an indorsement is

Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. v. Dennis M. Conley

188 So. 3d 884, 2016 Fla. App. LEXIS 233, 2016 WL 90758

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Jan 6, 2016 | Docket: 3026060

Published

negotiated only by the indorsement of that person.” § 673.2051(1), Fla. Stat. (2014). Where a-bank is seeking

Selva Adriana Calvo and Marcos Fabian Calvo v. U.S. Bank National Association

181 So. 3d 562, 2015 Fla. App. LEXIS 18801, 2015 WL 8945578

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Dec 16, 2015 | Docket: 3021568

Published

by transfer of possession alone.” § 673.2051(2), Fla. Stat. (2014) (emphasis added). Where

Craig D. Lamb v. Nationstar Mortgage, LLC

174 So. 3d 1039, 2015 Fla. App. LEXIS 12465, 2015 WL 4930268

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Aug 19, 2015 | Docket: 2685314

Published

negotiated only by the indorsement of that person.” § 673.2051(1), Fla. Stat. (2013). Where a bank is seeking

Diana Jelic v. LaSalle Bank, National Association

160 So. 3d 127, 2015 Fla. App. LEXIS 4276, 2015 WL 1334295

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Mar 25, 2015 | Docket: 2679443

Published

Washington Mutual Bank, and not Bank. Under section 673.2051(1), Florida Statutes (2009), when a note contains

Lloyd Steve Burdeshaw and Teresa Burdeshaw v. The Bank of New York Mellon etc.

148 So. 3d 819

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Oct 12, 2014 | Docket: 1443081

Published

Bay Bank & Trust. *821 See § 673.2051(1), Fla. Stat., (because Sun-trust is specifically