Mich. Comp. Laws » Michigan Compiled Laws / Chapter 500 / Act 218 of 1956
Michigan Compiled Laws

Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3172 (2026)

Conditions to obtaining personal protection insurance benefits through assigned claims plan; collection of unpaid benefits; application and reasonable proof of loss; payment of interest; reimbursement from defaulting insurers; reduction of benefits; definitions; effect of dispute between insurers; limitation on benefits.

✓ current as of July 2026
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THE INSURANCE CODE OF 1956


Act 218 of 1956


500.3172 Conditions to obtaining personal protection insurance benefits through assigned claims plan; collection of unpaid benefits; application and reasonable proof of loss; payment of interest; reimbursement from defaulting insurers; reduction of benefits; definitions; effect of dispute between insurers; limitation on benefits.

Sec. 3172.

    (1) A person entitled to claim because of accidental bodily injury arising out of the ownership, operation, maintenance, or use of a motor vehicle as a motor vehicle in this state may claim personal protection insurance benefits through the assigned claims plan if any of the following apply:

    (a) No personal protection insurance is applicable to the injury.

    (b) No personal protection insurance applicable to the injury can be identified.

    (c) No personal protection insurance applicable to the injury can be ascertained because of a dispute between 2 or more automobile insurers concerning their obligation to provide coverage or the equitable distribution of the loss.

    (d) The only identifiable personal protection insurance applicable to the injury is, because of financial inability of 1 or more insurers to fulfill their obligations, inadequate to provide benefits up to the maximum prescribed.

    (2) Unpaid benefits due or coming due as described in subsection (1) may be collected under the assigned claims plan, and the insurer to which the claim is assigned is entitled to reimbursement from the defaulting insurers to the extent of their financial responsibility.

    (3) A person entitled to claim personal protection insurance benefits through the assigned claims plan under subsection (1) shall file a completed application on a claim form provided by the Michigan automobile insurance placement facility and provide reasonable proof of loss to the Michigan automobile insurance placement facility. The Michigan automobile insurance placement facility or an insurer assigned to administer a claim on behalf of the Michigan automobile insurance placement facility under the assigned claims plan shall specify in writing the materials that constitute a reasonable proof of loss within 60 days after receipt by the Michigan automobile insurance placement facility of an application that complies with this subsection.

    (4) The Michigan automobile insurance placement facility or an insurer assigned to administer a claim on behalf of the Michigan automobile insurance placement facility under the assigned claims plan is not required to pay interest in connection with a claim for any period of time during which the claim is reasonably in dispute.

    (5) Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, personal protection insurance benefits, including benefits arising from accidents occurring before March 29, 1985, payable through the assigned claims plan must be reduced to the extent that benefits covering the same loss are available from other sources, regardless of the nature or number of benefit sources available and regardless of the nature or form of the benefits, to a person claiming personal protection insurance benefits through the assigned claims plan. This subsection only applies if the personal protection insurance benefits are payable through the assigned claims plan under subsection (1)(a), (b), or (d). As used in this subsection, "sources" and "benefit sources" do not include the program for medical assistance for the medically indigent under the social welfare act, 1939 PA 280, MCL 400.1 to 400.119b, or health insurance for the aged and disabled under subchapter XVIII of the social security act, 42 USC 1395 to 1395lll.

    (6) If the obligation to provide personal protection insurance benefits cannot be ascertained because of a dispute between 2 or more automobile insurers concerning their obligation to provide coverage or the equitable distribution of the loss, and if a method of voluntary payment of benefits cannot be agreed upon among or between the disputing insurers, all of the following apply:

    (a) The insurers who are parties to the dispute shall, or the claimant may, immediately notify the Michigan automobile insurance placement facility of their inability to determine their statutory obligations.

    (b) The Michigan automobile insurance placement facility shall assign the claim to an insurer and the insurer shall immediately provide personal protection insurance benefits to the claimant or claimants entitled to benefits.

    (c) The insurer assigned the claim by the Michigan automobile insurance placement facility shall immediately commence an action on behalf of the Michigan automobile insurance placement facility in circuit court to declare the rights and duties of any interested party.

    (d) The insurer to whom the claim is assigned shall join as parties defendant to the action commenced under subdivision (c) each insurer disputing either the obligation to provide personal protection insurance benefits or the equitable distribution of the loss among the insurers.

    (e) The circuit court shall declare the rights and duties of any interested party whether or not other relief is sought or could be granted.

    (f) After hearing the action, the circuit court shall determine the insurer or insurers, if any, obligated to provide the applicable personal protection insurance benefits and the equitable distribution, if any, among the insurers obligated, and shall order reimbursement to the Michigan automobile insurance placement facility from the insurer or insurers to the extent of the responsibility as determined by the court. The reimbursement ordered under this subdivision must include all benefits and costs paid or incurred by the Michigan automobile insurance placement facility and all benefits and costs paid or incurred by insurers determined not to be obligated to provide applicable personal protection insurance benefits, including incurred attorney fees and interest at the rate prescribed in section 3175 applicable on December 31 of the year preceding the determination of the circuit court.

    (7) The Michigan automobile insurance placement facility and the insurer to whom a claim is assigned by the Michigan automobile insurance placement facility are only required to provide personal protection insurance benefits under section 3107(1)(a) up to whichever of the following is applicable:

    (a) Unless subdivision (b) applies, the limit provided in section 3107c(1)(b).

    (b) If the person is entitled to claim benefits under the assigned claims plan under section 3107d(6)(c) or 3109a(2)(d)(ii), $2,000,000.00.

History: Add. 1972, Act 294, Eff. Mar. 30, 1973 ;-- Am. 1972, Act 345, Imd. Eff. Jan. 9, 1973 ;-- Am. 1984, Act 426, Eff. Mar. 29, 1985 ;-- Am. 2012, Act 204, Eff. Sept. 1, 2012 ;-- Am. 2019, Act 21, Imd. Eff. June 11, 2019

Compiler's Notes:

    Act 143 of 1993, which amended this section, was submitted to the people by referendum petition (as Proposal C) and rejected by a majority of the votes cast at the November 8, 1994, general election.

    Enacting section 1 of Act 204 of 2012 provides:

    "Enacting section 1. Sections 3172, 3173a, 3174, and 3175 of the insurance code of 1956, 1956 PA 218, MCL 500.3172, 500.3173a, 500.3174, and 500.3175, as amended by this amendatory act, take effect on the date the assigned claims plan is approved by the insurance commissioner under section 3171(3) of the insurance code of 1956, 1956 PA 218, MCL 500.3171."

PopularName Notes:

Act 218

PopularName Notes:

Essential Insurance

PopularName Notes:

No-Fault Insurance
Notes of Decisions
Cited in 179 cases (66 in the last 5 years), 1977–2026 · leading case: W a Foote Mem'l Hosp. v. Michigan Assigned Claims Plan, 909 N.W.2d 38 (Mich. Ct. App. 2017).
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W a Foote Mem'l Hosp. v. Michigan Assigned Claims Plan, 909 N.W.2d 38 (Mich. Ct. App. 2017). · cites it 18× “MCL 500.3172(1); MCL 500.3145.2 The following day, and before any response from defendants, plaintiff filed suit requesting that the trial court enter a judgment declaring that defendants had a duty to promptly assign its claim to an insurer and that, upon assignment, the…”
Allstate Ins. Co v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co, 909 N.W.2d 495 (Mich. Ct. App. 2017). · cites it 14× “Defendant argues that when a plaintiff commences a reimbursement action more than two years after the assignment of the claim, as in this case, MCL 500.3172 should be read together with MCL 500.”
Spectrum Health v. Grahl, 715 N.W.2d 357 (Mich. Ct. App. 2006). · cites it 26× “In April 2005, Titan moved for summary disposition regarding its claims against Farmers, contending that Farmers was a higher-priority insurer than Titan and therefore should reimburse Titan the amount it had paid to Spectrum, along with costs, attorney fees, and interest under…”
Ali Bazzi v. Sentinel Ins. Co., 919 N.W.2d 20 (Mich. 2018). · cites it 5× “, MCL 500.3172 (pertaining to the Michigan Assigned Claims Facility), this authority has not been exercised by the Legislature in this instance.”
Spencer v. Citizens Ins., 608 N.W.2d 113 (Mich. Ct. App. 2000). · cites it 8× “Subsection 1 of § 3172, MCL 500.3172(1); MSA 24.13172(1), describes the situations in which an injured person may receive assigned-claim benefits: A person entitled to a claim because of accidental bodily injury arising out of the ownership, operation, maintenance, or use of a…”
Titan Ins. Co. v. Hyten, 491 Mich. 547 (Mich. 2012). · cites it 2× “, MCL 500.3172 (pertaining to the Michigan Assigned Claims Facility), this authority has not been exercised by the Legislature in this instance.”
Titan Ins. v. Am. Country Ins., 876 N.W.2d 853 (Mich. Ct. App. 2015). · cites it 3× “MCL 500.3172; Cason v Auto Owners Ins Co, 181 Mich App 600, 610 ; 450 NW2d 6 (1989).”
Douglas v. Allstate Ins. Co., 821 N.W.2d 472 (Mich. 2012). · cites it 2× “10 The facility assigned defendant, Allstate Insurance 10 MCL 500.3172(1) provides that [a] person entitled to claim because of accidental bodily injury arising out of the ownership, operation, maintenance, or use of a motor vehicle as a motor vehicle in this state may obtain…”
Belcher v. Aetna Cas. & Sur. Co., 268 N.W.2d 349 (Mich. Ct. App. 1978). · cites it 12× “Plaintiff then filed a claim with the Assigned Claims Facility of the Michigan Secretary of State, pursuant to MCL 500.3172; MSA 24.13172. This claim was assigned to defendant.”
Rohlman v. Hawkeye-Sec. Ins., 526 N.W.2d 183 (Mich. Ct. App. 1994). · cites it 6× “NOTES [1] In Judge REILLY's dissent in the earlier opinion issued by this Court, she indicated that plaintiff's remedy was to seek coverage under the assigned claims provision, MCL 500.3172; MSA 24.13172. She hereby repudiates that statement.”
Jake Williams Jr v. Enjoi Transp. Solutions, 307 Mich. App. 182 (Mich. Ct. App. 2014). · cites it 4× “MCL 500.3172(1). The insurer of the owner or registrant of the vehicle involved in the accident has the highest priority for payment of benefits.”
Farmers Ins. Exch. v. Farm Bureau Gen. Ins., 724 N.W.2d 485 (Mich. Ct. App. 2006). · cites it 2× “] In certain limited circumstances, a person may also claim benefits through the Assigned Claims Facility under MCL 500.3172(1), which provides in relevant part as follows: A person entitled to claim because of accidental bodily injury arising out of the ownership, operation,…”
Show all 179 citing cases →
— Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3172(1) — 97 cases
W a Foote Mem'l Hosp. v. Michigan Assigned Claims Plan, 909 N.W.2d 38 (Mich. Ct. App. 2017). “MCL 500.3172(1); MCL 500.3145.2 The following day, and before any response from defendants, plaintiff filed suit requesting that the trial court enter a judgment declaring that defendants had a duty to promptly assign its claim to an insurer and that, upon assignment, the…”
Allstate Ins. Co v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co, 909 N.W.2d 495 (Mich. Ct. App. 2017). “Defendant argues that when a plaintiff commences a reimbursement action more than two years after the assignment of the claim, as in this case, MCL 500.3172 should be read together with MCL 500.”
Spectrum Health v. Grahl, 715 N.W.2d 357 (Mich. Ct. App. 2006). “In April 2005, Titan moved for summary disposition regarding its claims against Farmers, contending that Farmers was a higher-priority insurer than Titan and therefore should reimburse Titan the amount it had paid to Spectrum, along with costs, attorney fees, and interest under…”
Douglas v. Allstate Ins. Co., 821 N.W.2d 472 (Mich. 2012). “10 The facility assigned defendant, Allstate Insurance 10 MCL 500.3172(1) provides that [a] person entitled to claim because of accidental bodily injury arising out of the ownership, operation, maintenance, or use of a motor vehicle as a motor vehicle in this state may obtain…”
Ali Bazzi v. Sentinel Ins. Co., 919 N.W.2d 20 (Mich. 2018). “, MCL 500.3172 (pertaining to the Michigan Assigned Claims Facility), this authority has not been exercised by the Legislature in this instance.”
— Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3172(1)(a) — 14 cases
Esurance Prop & Cas. Ins Co v. Michigan Assigned Claims Plan (Mich. 2021).
Esurance Prop & Cas. Ins Co v. Michigan Assigned Claims Plan (Mich. 2021).
Michigan Ambulatory Surgical Ctr. v. Liberty Mut. Ins. (Mich. Ct. App. 2025).
Am. Physio LLC v. State Farm Mut. Auto Ins. Co. (Mich. Ct. App. 2024).
Beaumont Health v. Michigan Auto. Ins Placement Facility (Mich. Ct. App. 2023).
— Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3172(1)(b) — 6 cases
Beaumont Health v. Michigan Auto. Ins Placement Facility (Mich. Ct. App. 2023).
Univ. Neurosurgical Assoc v. Michigan Assigned Claims Plan (Mich. Ct. App. 2024).
Kousay Elias v. Great Am. Assurance Co. (Mich. Ct. App. 2025).
Km v. Progressive Marathon Ins. Co. (Mich. Ct. App. 2024).
Gail Fulton v. Citizens Ins. Co. of the Midwest (Mich. Ct. App. 2025).
— Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3172(1)(c) — 2 cases
Kousay Elias v. Great Am. Assurance Co. (Mich. Ct. App. 2025).
Beaumont Health v. Michigan Auto. Ins Placement Facility (Mich. Ct. App. 2023).
— Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3172(2) — 7 cases
Spencer v. Citizens Ins., 608 N.W.2d 113 (Mich. Ct. App. 2000). “Subsection 1 of § 3172, MCL 500.3172(1); MSA 24.13172(1), describes the situations in which an injured person may receive assigned-claim benefits: A person entitled to a claim because of accidental bodily injury arising out of the ownership, operation, maintenance, or use of a…”
William Joseph Batts v. Titan Ins. Co., 911 N.W.2d 486 (Mich. Ct. App. 2017).
Christina George v. Allstate Ins. Co. (Mich. Ct. App. 2019).
William Joseph Batts v. Titan Ins. Co. (Mich. Ct. App. 2017).
Kristopher Whitaker v. Farm Bureau Ins. Co. (Mich. Ct. App. 2024).
— Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3172(3) — 13 cases
Spectrum Health v. Grahl, 715 N.W.2d 357 (Mich. Ct. App. 2006). “In April 2005, Titan moved for summary disposition regarding its claims against Farmers, contending that Farmers was a higher-priority insurer than Titan and therefore should reimburse Titan the amount it had paid to Spectrum, along with costs, attorney fees, and interest under…”
Allstate Ins. Co v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co, 909 N.W.2d 495 (Mich. Ct. App. 2017). “Defendant argues that when a plaintiff commences a reimbursement action more than two years after the assignment of the claim, as in this case, MCL 500.3172 should be read together with MCL 500.”
Ali Bazzi v. Sentinel Ins. Co., 919 N.W.2d 20 (Mich. 2018). “, MCL 500.3172 (pertaining to the Michigan Assigned Claims Facility), this authority has not been exercised by the Legislature in this instance.”
Spencer v. Citizens Ins., 608 N.W.2d 113 (Mich. Ct. App. 2000). “Subsection 1 of § 3172, MCL 500.3172(1); MSA 24.13172(1), describes the situations in which an injured person may receive assigned-claim benefits: A person entitled to a claim because of accidental bodily injury arising out of the ownership, operation, maintenance, or use of a…”
K.G. Ex Rel. Gray v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins., 674 F. Supp. 2d 862 (E.D. Mich. 2009).
— Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3172(3)(a) — 4 cases
Allstate Ins. Co v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co, 909 N.W.2d 495 (Mich. Ct. App. 2017). “Defendant argues that when a plaintiff commences a reimbursement action more than two years after the assignment of the claim, as in this case, MCL 500.3172 should be read together with MCL 500.”
Spencer v. Citizens Ins., 608 N.W.2d 113 (Mich. Ct. App. 2000). “Subsection 1 of § 3172, MCL 500.3172(1); MSA 24.13172(1), describes the situations in which an injured person may receive assigned-claim benefits: A person entitled to a claim because of accidental bodily injury arising out of the ownership, operation, maintenance, or use of a…”
K.G. Ex Rel. Gray v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins., 674 F. Supp. 2d 862 (E.D. Mich. 2009).
Allstate Ins. Co v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co (Mich. Ct. App. 2017).
— Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3172(3)(b) — 5 cases
William Joseph Batts v. Titan Ins. Co., 911 N.W.2d 486 (Mich. Ct. App. 2017).
K.G. Ex Rel. Gray v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins., 674 F. Supp. 2d 862 (E.D. Mich. 2009).
William Joseph Batts v. Titan Ins. Co. (Mich. Ct. App. 2017).
Sheronda Stanley v. Benita Pickens (Mich. Ct. App. 2023).
Sheronda Stanley v. Benita Pickens (Mich. Ct. App. 2023).
— Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3172(3)(c) — 2 cases
Sheronda Stanley v. Benita Pickens (Mich. Ct. App. 2023).
Sheronda Stanley v. Benita Pickens (Mich. Ct. App. 2023).
— Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3172(3)(d) — 1 case
Bennett v. Mackinac Bridge Auth., 808 N.W.2d 471 (Mich. Ct. App. 2010).
— Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3172(3)(e) — 2 cases
Allstate Ins. Co v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co, 909 N.W.2d 495 (Mich. Ct. App. 2017). “Defendant argues that when a plaintiff commences a reimbursement action more than two years after the assignment of the claim, as in this case, MCL 500.3172 should be read together with MCL 500.”
Allstate Ins. Co v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co (Mich. Ct. App. 2017).
— Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3172(3)(f) — 5 cases
Allstate Ins. Co v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co, 909 N.W.2d 495 (Mich. Ct. App. 2017). “Defendant argues that when a plaintiff commences a reimbursement action more than two years after the assignment of the claim, as in this case, MCL 500.3172 should be read together with MCL 500.”
Ali Bazzi v. Sentinel Ins. Co., 919 N.W.2d 20 (Mich. 2018). “, MCL 500.3172 (pertaining to the Michigan Assigned Claims Facility), this authority has not been exercised by the Legislature in this instance.”
Spectrum Health v. Grahl, 715 N.W.2d 357 (Mich. Ct. App. 2006). “In April 2005, Titan moved for summary disposition regarding its claims against Farmers, contending that Farmers was a higher-priority insurer than Titan and therefore should reimburse Titan the amount it had paid to Spectrum, along with costs, attorney fees, and interest under…”
Michigan Mut. Ins. v. Farm Bureau Ins. Grp., 455 N.W.2d 352 (Mich. Ct. App. 1990).
Allstate Ins. Co v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co (Mich. Ct. App. 2017).
— Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3172(4) — 1 case
Beaumont Health v. Michigan Auto. Ins Placement Facility (Mich. Ct. App. 2023).
— Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3172(5) — 1 case
Michigan Ambulatory Surgical Ctr. v. Liberty Mut. Ins. (Mich. Ct. App. 2025).
— Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3172(6) — 1 case
Walter Love v. Lashawn Rudolph (Mich. Ct. App. 2025).
— Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3172(7) — 2 cases
David Wells Jr v. Citizens Ins. Co. of the Midwest (Mich. Ct. App. 2025).
20251121_C369413_36_369413.Opn.Pdf (Mich. Ct. App. 2025).
— Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3172(7)(a) — 4 cases
20251121_C369413_36_369413.Opn.Pdf (Mich. Ct. App. 2025).
Michigan Head & Spine Inst. Pc v. Nationwide Mut. Fire Ins (Mich. Ct. App. 2025).
Asia Davis v. Timothy Gary English (Mich. Ct. App. 2025).
David Wells Jr v. Citizens Ins. Co. of the Midwest (Mich. Ct. App. 2025).
— Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3172(a) — 2 cases
Michigan Head & Spine Inst. Pc v. Mid-Century Ins. Co (Mich. Ct. App. 2022).
Beaumont Health v. Michigan Auto. Ins Placement Facility (Mich. Ct. App. 2023).
Annotations are extracted automatically from the opinions in the Syfert caselaw corpus and ranked by authority, recency, and treatment. Dots show Syfertize treatment of the citing case itself.