18 U.S.C. § 2422

Coercion and enticement

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(a) Whoever knowingly persuades, induces, entices, or coerces any individual to travel in interstate or foreign commerce, or in any Territory or Possession of the United States, to engage in prostitution, or in any sexual activity for which any person can be charged with a criminal offense, or attempts to do so, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both.(b) Whoever, using the mail or any facility or means of interstate or foreign commerce, or within the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States knowingly persuades, induces, entices, or coerces any individual who has not attained the age of 18 years, to engage in prostitution or any sexual activity for which any person can be charged with a criminal offense, or attempts to do so, shall be fined under this title and imprisoned not less than 10 years or for life.(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 812; Pub. L. 99–628, § 5(b)(1), Nov. 7, 1986, 100 Stat. 3511; Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, § 7070, Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4405; Pub. L. 104–104, title V, § 508, Feb. 8, 1996, 110 Stat. 137; Pub. L. 105–314, title I, § 102, Oct. 30, 1998, 112 Stat. 2975; Pub. L. 108–21, title I, § 103(a)(2)(A), (B), (b)(2)(A), Apr. 30, 2003, 117 Stat. 652, 653; Pub. L. 109–248, title II, § 203, July 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 613.)Historical and Revision Notes

Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., § 399 (June 25, 1910, ch. 395, § 3, 36 Stat. 825).

Words “deemed guilty of a felony” were deleted as unnecessary in view of definition of felony in section 1 of this title. (See reviser’s note under section 550 of this title.)

Words “and on conviction thereof shall be” were deleted as surplusage since punishment cannot be imposed until a conviction is secured.

The references to persons causing, procuring, aiding or assisting were omitted as unnecessary as such persons are made principals by section 2 of this title.

Words “Possession of the United States” were inserted twice. (See reviser’s note under section 2421 of this title.)

Minor changes were made in phraseology.

Editorial NotesAmendments

2006—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 109–248 substituted “not less than 10 years or for life” for “not less than 5 years and not more than 30 years”.

2003—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108–21, § 103(a)(2)(A), substituted “20 years” for “10 years”.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 108–21, § 103(a)(2)(B), (b)(2)(A), substituted “and imprisoned not less than 5 years and” for “, imprisoned” and “30 years” for “15 years, or both”.

1998—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–314, § 102(1), inserted “or attempts to do so,” before “shall be fined” and substituted “10 years” for “five years”.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105–314, § 102(2), added subsec. (b) and struck out former subsec. (b) which read as follows: “Whoever, using any facility or means of interstate or foreign commerce, including the mail, or within the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States, knowingly persuades, induces, entices, or coerces any individual who has not attained the age of 18 years to engage in prostitution or any sexual act for which any person may be criminally prosecuted, or attempts to do so, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 10 years, or both.”

1996—Pub. L. 104–104 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and added subsec. (b).

1988—Pub. L. 100–690 substituted “or” for “of” before “foreign commerce”.

1986—Pub. L. 99–628 substituted “and enticement” for “or enticement of female” in section catchline and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “Whoever knowingly persuades, induces, entices, or coerces any woman or girl to go from one place to another in interstate or foreign commerce, or in the District of Columbia or in any Territory or Possession of the United States, for the purpose of prostitution or debauchery, or for any other immoral purpose, or with the intent and purpose on the part of such person that such woman or girl shall engage in the practice of prostitution or debauchery, or any other immoral practice, whether with or without her consent, and thereby knowingly causes such woman or girl to go and to be carried or transported as a passenger upon the line or route of any common carrier or carriers in interstate or foreign commerce, or in the District of Columbia or in any Territory or Possession of the United States, shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both.”

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 1,653 cases (480 in the last 5 years), 1948–2026 · leading case: United States v. Wheeler
United States v. Wheeler (2017) afcca · cites it 12× “§ 920b, by means or facility of interstate commerce, to wit: the Internet and cellular telephone, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2422 (b). The latter offense was charged under clause 3 of Article 134, UCMJ, 10 U.”
United States v. Hart (2011) ca6 · cites it 32× “William Hart, II was convicted under 18 U.S.C. § 2422 (b) of attempting to persuade a minor to engage in unlawful sexual activity, and under 18 U.”
United States v. Broussard (2012) ca5 · cites it 13× “GRADY JOLLY, Circuit Judge: Daniel James Broussard pleaded guilty to two counts of using a facility of interstate commerce to attempt to coerce a minor to engage in criminal sexual activity, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2422 (b). Broussard engaged in sexually explicit…”
United States v. Brand (2006) ca2 · cites it 11× “Count Two charged Brand with using a computer, the Internet, and a telephone “to entice an individual he believed was 13 years old to engage in a sexual activity in the State of New York and elsewhere,” in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2422 (b). Section 2422(b) provided: Whoever,…”
United States v. Cherer (2008) ca9 · cites it 12× “TRAGER, District Judge: Paris Cherer was convicted under 18 U.S.C. § 2422 (b) for attempting to persuade, entice, or coerce a minor to engage in sexual acts with him.”
United States v. John Allen Root (2002) ca11 · cites it 11× “HULL, Circuit Judge: A federal jury convicted Appellant John Allen Root-of one count of attempting to persuade a minor to engage in criminal sexual activity, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2422 (b), and one count of traveling in interstate commerce for the purpose of engaging in a…”
United States v. Isabella (2019) ca10 · cites it 9× “Rande Isabella was convicted under 18 U.S.C. § 2422 (b) of persuading and attempting to persuade S.”
United States v. Michael Begin (2012) ca3 · cites it 14× “Count One charged that Begin violated 18 U.S.C. § 2422 (b) by using the internet and a cellular phone to attempt to persuade a minor “to engage in any sexual activity for which any person can be charged with a criminal offense, to wit, statutory sexual assault, in violation of […”
United States v. Thomas (2005) ca10 · cites it 12× “Thomas (“Thomas”) was convicted following a jury trial of two counts of using interstate commerce to attempt to persuade a minor to engage in an illegal sexual act, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2422 (b). Thomas was sentenced to two concurrent sentences of seventy months’…”
United States v. Freeman Eugene Jockisch (2017) ca11 · cites it 12× “Defendant was indicted for violating 18 U.S.C. § 2422 (b),1 which prohibits use of the Internet to attempt to persuade a minor to engage in sexual activity that, had it been consummated, could have resulted in criminal charges under state or federal law.”
United States v. William Nielsen (2012) ca9 · cites it 20× “OPINION TASHIMA, Circuit Judge: William Nielsen appeals the sentence imposed following his guilty plea to coercion and enticement of a minor in viola- tion of 18 U.S.C. § 2422 (b). Nielsen contends that the district court erred when it calculated the Sentencing Guidelines range…”
United States v. Gagliardi (2007) ca2 · cites it 8× “, Circuit Judge: Defendant-Appellant Frank Gagliardi appeals from his conviction on one count of attempting to entice a minor to engage in prohibited sexual activity in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2422 (b). He argues that § 2422(b) requires an actual minor victim and is…”
— 18 U.S.C. § 2422(a) — 2 cases
— 18 U.S.C. § 2422(b) — 17 cases
United States v. Freeman Eugene Jockisch (2017) ca11 “Defendant was indicted for violating 18 U.S.C. § 2422 (b),1 which prohibits use of the Internet to attempt to persuade a minor to engage in sexual activity that, had it been consummated, could have resulted in criminal charges under state or federal law.”
United States v. John Allen Root (2002) ca11 “HULL, Circuit Judge: A federal jury convicted Appellant John Allen Root-of one count of attempting to persuade a minor to engage in criminal sexual activity, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2422 (b), and one count of traveling in interstate commerce for the purpose of engaging in a…”
Annotations are extracted automatically from the opinions in the Syfert caselaw corpus and ranked by authority, recency, and treatment. Dots show Syfertize treatment of the citing case itself.