green
Positive treatment
Quoted verbatim 2×
11.8 score
G Cite
cited 2× by 1 distinct case, last quoted 1997 ·
.. .interlocutory or mediate decisions having no immediate effect upon employment conditions.. .were not intended to fall within the direct proscriptions of 717 and comparable provisions of title vii.
⚠ not in text
cited 2× by 1 distinct case, last quoted 1984 ·
…that ... the regulation ... would be entitled to enforcement by a federal court, does not in our view mean that, if violated, its violation must be redressed as if it constituted a direct violation of substantive provisions of title vil
⚠ not in text
Treatment trajectory · 1981 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1981
2003
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 50 distinct citers.
How cited ↗
examined
Cited "but see"
Herman Theunissen and Ann Theunissen v. Sid Matthews D/B/A Matthews Lumber Transfer
(4×)
also: Cited "see, e.g."
But cf. Chrysler Corp. v. Fedders Corp., 643 F.2d 1229, 1239 (6th Cir.) (court referred to "uncontroverted" affidavits of defendant alien corporation in finding absence of jurisdictional contacts), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 893 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 207 (1981).
examined
Cited as authority (quoted)
Florence v. Runyon
(2×)
.. .interlocutory or mediate decisions having no immediate effect upon employment conditions.. .were not intended to fall within the direct proscriptions of 717 and comparable provisions of title vii.
examined
Cited as authority (quoted)
Richard R. Hughes, Sr. v. United States Postal Service
(2×)
that ... the regulation ... would be entitled to enforcement by a federal court, does not in our view mean that, if violated, its violation must be redressed as if it constituted a direct violation of substantive provisions of title vil
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
Settle v. Baltimore County
In Page v. Bolger, 645 F.2d 227 (4th Cir.)(in banc), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1981), the Fourth Circuit examined the question of what constitutes “adverse employment action” and stated that inquiries “consistently focused on the question whether there has been discrimination in what could be characterized as ultimate employment decisions such as hiring, granting leave, discharging, promoting and compensation.” Id. at 233.
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
Chappell v. School Board of the City of Virginia Beach
In defining what constitutes an adverse employment action, the Fourth Circuit observed, in Page v. Bolger, 645 F.2d 227 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1981), that inquiries into whether there has been an employment action adversely affecting an employee have “consistently focused on the question of whether there has been discrimination in what could be characterized as ultimate employment decisions, such as hiring, granting leave, discharging, promoting, and compensating.” Id. at 233.
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
Scannell v. Bel Air Police Department
In defining what constitutes an adverse employment action, the Fourth Circuit observed, in Page v. Bolger, 645 F.2d 227 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1981), that inquiries into whether there has been an employment action adversely affecting an employee have “consistently focused on the question of whether there has been discrimination in what could be characterized as ultimate employment decisions, such as hiring, granting leave, discharging, promoting, and compensating.” Id. at 233.
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
Caussade v. Brown
In defining what constitutes an adverse employment action, the Fourth Circuit observed, in Page v. Bolger, 645 F.2d 227 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1981), that inquiries into whether there has been employment action affecting an employee have “consistently focused on the question whether there has been discrimination in what could be characterized as ultimate employment decisions such as hiring, granting leave, discharging, promoting and compensation.” Id. at 233 (emphasis added). 5 See e.g., Hopkins v. Baltimore Gas & Elec.
cited
Cited as authority (rule)
Wood v. International Brotherhood Of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen And Helpers Of America, Local 406
The court stated that "[h]ere, the damage caused by the union was the attorney's fee which Del Casal incurred as a result of the union's breach." Id. at 301.
cited
Cited as authority (rule)
Wood v. International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen & Helpers of America, Local 406
The court stated that “[h]ere, the damage caused by the union was the attorney’s fee which Del Casal incurred as a result of the union’s breach.” Id. at 301.
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
Holmes v. Bevilacqua
In both instances, there was an immediate promotion of another candidate, and yet in commenting on whether plaintiff had proved a prima facie case under McDonnell Douglas, we said that defendant had properly conceded that a prima facie case had been proved because, inter alia, the evidence showed that after plaintiff was denied promotion, "the positions thereafter remained open and were in fact filled by the employer from other applicants possessing his general qualifications." Id. at 229-30. 18 It is the explicit view taken by the Eighth Circuit in Bell v. Bolger, 708 F.2d 1312, 1315 (8 Cir.1…
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
Holmes v. Bevilacqua
In both instances, there was an immediate promotion of another candidate, and yet in commenting on whether plaintiff had proved a prima facie case under McDonnell Douglas , we said that defendant had properly conceded that a prima facie case had been proved because, inter alia, the evidence showed that after plaintiff was denied promotion, “the positions thereafter remained open and were in fact filled by the employer from other applicants possessing his general qualifications.” Id. at 229-30.
discussed
Cited "see"
Lacasse v. Didlake, Inc.
(2×)
See Page v. Bolger, 645 F.2d 227, 233 (4th Cir.1981), cert, denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1981); see also Von Gunten v. Maryland, 243 F.3d 858, 865-66 (4th Cir.2001).
cited
Cited "see"
Idit Dobbs-Weinstein, Plaintiff-Appellant/ Cross-Appellee v. Vanderbilt University, Defendant-Appellee
See id.
discussed
Cited "see"
Dachman v. Shalala
(2×)
See Settle v. Baltimore County, 34 F.Supp.2d 969, 987-89 (D.Md. 1999) (discussing, inter alia, Page v. Bolger, 645 F.2d 227 (4th Cir.) (in banc), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1981), and Munday v. Waste Management of N. Am., Inc., 126 F.3d 239 , 243 (4th Cir.1997), cert. denied, - U.S. -, 118 S.Ct. 1053 , 140 L.Ed.2d 116 (1998)).
cited
Cited "see"
Boon Partners v. Advanced Financial Concepts, Inc.
See Chrysler Corp. v. Fedders Corp., 643 F.2d 1229, 1236-37 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 893 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 207 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Bellamy-Moore v. Perry
(2×)
See Page v. Bolger, 645 F.2d 227, 233 (4th Cir.1981), cert denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Mary DOLLIS, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Robert E. RUBIN, Secretary of the Department of the Treasury, Defendant-Appellee
(2×)
See Page v. Bolger, 645 F.2d 227, 233 (4th Cir.) (en banc) (noting that Title VII discrimination cases have focused upon ultimate employment decisions such as hiring, granting leave, discharging, promoting, and compensating), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Taylor v. Brown
(2×)
See Sandhu v. Virginia, Dep’t of Conservation & Recreation, 874 F.Supp. 122, 127 (E.D.Va.1995) (“the former step of the process merely ‘gets someone in the door.’ On the other hand, the personal interview is often the determinative factor in many hiring positions.”) (citing Page v. Bolger, 645 F.2d 227, 233 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1981)).
discussed
Cited "see"
Dollis v. Rubin
(2×)
See Page v. Bolger, 645 F.2d 227, 233 (4th Cir.)(en banc)(noting that Title VII discrimination cases have focused upon ultimate employment decisions such as hiring, granting leave, discharging, promoting, and compensating), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S. Ct. 388 , 70 L.
discussed
Cited "see"
Howze v. Virginia Polytechnic
(2×)
See Page v. Bolger, 645 F.2d 227, 233 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1981); Ward v. Johns Hopkins Univ., 861 F.Supp. 367, 377 (D.Md.1994) (relying on Page); Lucas v. Cheney, 821 F.Supp. 374, 375 (D.Md.1992) (same), aff'd, 991 F.2d 790 (4th Cir.1993) (table).
discussed
Cited "see"
First Officers Arthur N. Rogers and Michael J. Baker v. Air Line Pilots Association, International v. Continental Airlines, Inc.
(2×)
See id. at 301.
discussed
Cited "see"
Odom v. Frank
(2×)
See Page v. Bolger, 645 F.2d 227, 231 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
City Of Mount Clemens v. United States Environmental Protection Agency
See Martin-Marietta Corp. v. Bendix Corp., 690 F.2d 558, 564 (6th Cir.1982). 24 Similarly, it has long been held that "the scope of discovery is within the sound discretion of the trial court." Chrysler Corp. v. Fedders Corp., 643 F.2d 1229, 1240 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 893 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 207 (1981).
cited
Cited "see"
Apperson v. Fleet Carrier Corporation
See Chrysler Corp. v. Fedders Corp., 643 F.2d 1229, 1240 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 893 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 207 (1981); H.K.
cited
Cited "see"
Apperson v. Fleet Carrier Corp.
See Chrysler Corp. v. Fedders Corp., 643 F.2d 1229, 1240 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 893 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 207 (1981); H.K.
cited
Cited "see"
Douglas Emmons v. Robert McLaughlin Donald Ratliff, Gary Dewalt, City of Norwalk, Reese Wineman
See Chrysler Corp. v. Fedders Corp., 643 F.2d 1229, 1240 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 893 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 207 (1981); H.K.
discussed
Cited "see"
Foster v. Tandy Corp.
(2×)
See, Page v. Bolger, 645 F.2d 227, 230 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Mary M. Love v. The Alamance County Board of Education
See id. at 231 (employer’s efforts to insure minority representation on promotion committee are probative of his likely motivations for the ultimate employment decision); Wright v. National Archives and Records Service, 609 F.2d 702, 714 (4th Cir.1979) (en banc) (fact that three out of five evaluators were black was significant to issue of discriminatory rating).
discussed
Cited "see"
Verdell v. Wilson
(2×)
See Page v. Bolger, 645 F.2d 227, 229-30 (4th Cir.) (en banc), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1981).
cited
Cited "see"
Widger Chemical Corp. v. Chemfil Corp.
See Chrysler Corp. v. Fedders Corp., 643 F.2d 1229, 1236 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 893 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 207 (1981); Weinstein v. Norman M.
discussed
Cited "see"
City of Cleveland v. The Cleveland Electric Illuminating Company
(2×)
See Chrysler Corporation v. Fedders Corp., 643 F.2d 1229 , 1240 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 893 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 207 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Robert F. Roscello v. Southwest Airlines Company and International Association of MacHinists & Aerospace Workers, Afl-Cio, Airline District 146
See Del Casal v. Eastern Airlines, Inc., 634 F.2d 295 (5th Cir.1981), cert, denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 386 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1981); for a general description of the duty of fair representation, see Vaca v. Sipes, 386 U.S. 171 , 87 S.Ct. 903 , 17 L.Ed.2d 842 (1967). 4 .
discussed
Cited "see"
Linn v. Chivatero
See United States v. Mississippi Power & Light Co., 638 F.2d 899, 903 (5th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 387 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1982); Richey v. Smith, 515 F.2d 1239, 1242-43 (5th Cir. 1975).
discussed
Cited "see"
Linn v. Chivatero
See United States v. Mississippi Power & Light Co., 638 F.2d 899, 903 (5th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 387 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1982); Richey v. Smith, 515 F.2d 1239, 1242-43 (5th Cir.1975). 11 The IRS points to the district court's language dismissing Linn's petition "without prejudice to adjudication of plaintiff's claims in an appropriate future proceeding" as support for its contention that the district court's judgment is not an appealable order.
discussed
Cited "see"
John Stanton v. Delta Air Lines, Inc., John Stanton v. Delta Air Lines, Inc., Air Line Pilots Association, International, John Stanton v. Delta Air Lines, Inc., and Air Line Pilots Association, International
See Del Casal v. Eastern Airlines, Inc., 634 F.2d 295, 301-02 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 102 S.Ct. 386 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 , 108 L.R.R.M. 2656 (1981); Cf. Gorman, Labor Law, 722-724 (1976).
cited
Cited "see"
Stanton v. Delta Air Lines, Inc.
See Del Casal v. Eastern Airlines, Inc., 634 F.2d 295, 301-02 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, - U.S. -, 102 S.Ct. 386 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 , 108 L.R.R.M. 2656 (1981); Cf. Gorman, Labor Law, 722-724 (1976).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Mobil Corp.
See United States v. Mississippi Power & Light Co., 638 F.2d 899 cert. denied 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 387 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Mary DOLLIS v. Robert E. RUBIN, Secretary of the Department of the Treasury
(2×)
See Page v. Bolger, 645 F.2d 227, 233 (4th Cir.) (en banc) (noting that Title VII discrimination cases have focused upon ultimate employment decisions such as hiring, granting leave, discharging, promoting, and compensating), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Ussery v. Louisiana Ex Rel. Department of Health & Hospitals
(2×)
Dollis v. Rubin, 77 F.3d 777, 781 (5th Cir.1995); see also Page v. Bolger, 645 F.2d 227, 233 (4th Cir.) (en banc) (finding that decisions regarding hiring, granting leave, discharging, promoting, and compensating constitute ultimate employment decisions), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1981).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Hughes v. City of North Olmsted
See also Chrysler Corp. v. Fedders Corp., 643 F.2d 1229, 1240 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 893 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 207 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Gropp v. United Airlines, Inc.
Thus, a union breaches its duty of fair representation “when a union’s conduct toward a member of the collective bargaining unit is arbitrary, discriminatory, or in bad *1563 faith.” 386 U.S. at 190 , 87 S.Ct. at 916 ; See also Del Casal v. Eastern Airlines, Inc., 634 F.2d 295 (5th Cir. Unit B), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 386 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1981).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Alfred Feeney v. Chamberlain Manufacturing Corporation and Lafayette Wood Works, Inc.
See, e.g., Chrysler Corp. v. Fedders Corp., 643 F.2d 1229 , (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 893 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 207 (1981); Ernest W.
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Kerasotes Michigan Theatres, Inc. v. National Amusements, Inc.
See also Chrysler Corp. v. Fedders Corp., 643 F.2d 1229, 1234 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 893 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 707 (1981). 7 .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
King v. McAllister Bros., Inc.
Moriarty & Co. v. General Tire & Rubber Co., 289 F.Supp. 381, 390 (S.D.Ohio 1967); see also Chrysler Corp. v. Fedders Corp., 643 F.2d 1229, 1237-39 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 893 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 207 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Lowell Peterson v. Kenneth E. Lindner, Secretary of the Department of Administration, State of Wisconsin
See, e.g., United States v. Mississippi Power and Light Co., 638 F.2d 899 (5th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 387 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1982); Mattis v. Schnarr, 502 F.2d 588 (8th Cir.1974), reversal after remand vacated on other grounds, 431 U.S. 171 , 97 S.Ct. 1739 , 52 L.Ed.2d 219 (1977).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Lucas v. Bolivar County
See, e.g., United States v. Mississippi Power & Light Co., 638 F.2d 899, 903 (5th Cir.) (quoting Gillespie v. United States Steel Corp., 379 U.S. 148, 152 , 85 S.Ct. 308, 311 , 13 L.Ed.2d 199, 203 (1964)), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 387 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1981); Freeman v. Califano, 574 F.2d 264, 267 (5th Cir. 1978); Jetco Elec.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Karahalios v. Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center Presidio
Many courts have held that when a union breaches its duty of fair representation by failing to give proper consideration to an employee’s grievance, the employee is entitled to “damages from the union to cover [the] expenses, including attorney’s fees and costs, that [he] incurred in seeking a fair resolution of [his] claim against the employer.” Dutrisac, 511 F.Supp. at 729 ; see also Del Casal v. Eastern Airlines, Inc., 634 F.2d 295, 301 (5th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 892 , 102 S.Ct. 386 , 70 L.Ed.2d 206 (1981); Self, 620 F.2d at 444 ; Scott v. Local Union 377, Internat'l Bro…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
National Bancard Corp.(NaBanco) v. VISA USA
Malamud v. Sinclair Oil Corp., 521 F.2d 1142, 1148 (6th Cir.1975); see also Chrysler Corp. v. Fedders Corp., 643 F.2d 1229, 1234 (6th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 893 , 102 S.Ct. 388 , 70 L.Ed.2d 207 (1981).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Page
v.
Bolger, Postmaster General
v.
Bolger, Postmaster General
No. 80-2193.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Oct 13, 1981.
Published
Citer courts: Fourth Circuit (2) · N.D. Texas (2)
C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.