Villarreal v. United States, 431 U.S. 917 (1977). · Go Syfert
Villarreal v. United States, 431 U.S. 917 (1977). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
161 citation events (16 in the last 25 years) across 40 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: State of Louisiana v. Donald Briggs, III A/K/A Donald Briggs C/W State of Louisiana v. Stefan Jermaine Briggs (la, 2026-05-01)
Treatment trajectory · 1977 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1977 2001 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 27 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited "see" State of Louisiana v. Donald Briggs, III A/K/A Donald Briggs C/W State of Louisiana v. Stefan Jermaine Briggs
La. · 2026 · signal: see · confidence high
See State v. Tyler, 342 So.2d 574 (La. 1977), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2180 (1977) (shooting indiscriminately into a crowd with the intent to kill someone constitutes an assault with intent to kill upon each person in the crowd); State v. Jordan, 1997-1756, pp. 18-19, (La.
cited Cited "see" State v. Brown
La. Ct. App. · 2007 · signal: see · confidence high
See State v. Tyler, 342 So.2d 574 (La.1977), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2180 , 53 L.Ed.2d 227 .
cited Cited "see" State v. Carroll, Unpublished Decision (1-11-2000)
Ohio Ct. App. · 2000 · signal: see · confidence high
See State v. Diana (1976), 48 Ohio St.2d 199 , certiorari denied (1977), 431 U.S. 917 (discussing when a person could be found to have known that an investigation is in progress by police officers).
cited Cited "see" Robert Stecky v. Sears, Roebuck & Company
6th Cir. · 1992 · signal: see · confidence high
See Jacobs v. Martin Sweets Co., Inc., 550 F.2d 364, 370 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 917 (1977); NLRB v. Tennessee Packers, Inc., 339 F.2d 203 (6th Cir.1964).
cited Cited "see" City of South Euclid v. Richardson
Ohio · 1990 · signal: see · confidence high
See State v. Diana (1976), 48 Ohio St. 2d 199 , 2 O.O. 3d 387, 357 N.E. 2d 1090 , certiorari denied (1977), 431 U.S. 917 .
cited Cited "see" Lettie D. Evans v. Syracuse City School District
2d Cir. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See Norbeck v. Davenport Community School District, 545 F.2d 63, 70 (8th Cir.1976), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2179 , 53 L.Ed.2d 227 (1977).
cited Cited "see" United States v. Jan Leslie Costa
11th Cir. · 1982 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Leaman, 546 F.2d 148 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2180 , 53 L.Ed.2d 227 (1977).
discussed Cited "see" Key v. Rutherford
10th Cir. · 1981 · signal: see · confidence high
See Norbeck v. Davenport Community School District, 545 F.2d 63, 67 (8th Cir. 1976) (freedom of association not abridged by termination of high school principal for acting as chief negotiator for teacher's union), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2179 , 53 L.Ed.2d 227 (1977).
discussed Cited "see" Key v. Rutherford
10th Cir. · 1981 · signal: see · confidence high
See Norbeck v. Davenport Community School District, 545 F.2d 63,67 (8th Cir. 1976) (freedom of association not abridged by termination of high school principal for acting as chief negotiator for teacher’s union), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2179 , 53 L.Ed.2d 227 (1977).
discussed Cited "see" 22 Fair empl.prac.cas. 1191, 23 Empl. Prac. Dec. P 30,891 Claudette T. Bourque, Cross v. Powell Electrical Manufacturing Company, Cross (2×)
5th Cir. · 1980 · signal: see · confidence high
See Jacobs v. Martin Sweets Co., 550 F.2d 364, 367-70 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2180 , 52 L.Ed.2d 227 (1977); J.
cited Cited "see" United States v. Stanley F. Kreimer, Charles Lamar Lewis and Harry L. Walsh
5th Cir. · 1980 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Leaman, 5 Cir. 1977, 546 F.2d 148,150 , cert. denied, 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2180 , 53 L.Ed.2d 227 .
discussed Cited "see" La Von Lanigan v. Bartlett and Co. Grain
W.D. Mo. · 1979 · signal: see · confidence high
See, Jacobs v. Martin Sweets Co., Inc., 550 F.2d 364, 371 (6th Cir. 1977), cert. den. 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2180 , 52 L.Ed.2d 227 (1977), and Olson v. Philco-Ford, 531 F.2d 474, 477 (10th Cir. 1976) (applying order of proof set forth in McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792, 802 , 93 S.Ct. 1817 , 36 L.Ed.2d 668 (1973), in sex discrimination context).
cited Cited "see" Duncan v. Tennessee
M.D. Tenn. · 1979 · signal: see · confidence high
See Jacobs v. Martin Sweets Co., 550 F.2d 364 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2180 , 53 L.Ed.2d 227 (1977); Tarvesian v. Carr Div. of TRW, Inc., 407 F.Supp. 336 (D.Mass. 1976).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." In re State in Interest of J.S.
La. Ct. App. · 2018 · signal: see also · confidence low
App. 5th Cir. 1/25/94), 631 So.2d 1213 , 1220 writ denied , 94-0476 (La. 11/4/94), 644 So.2d 1046 (statute defining first degree murder as killing of human being when defendant has specific intent to kill or to inflict great bodily harm upon more than one person does not require proof that defendant actually killed or inflicted great bodily harm upon second victim, only that he had specific intent to do so); see also State v. Tyler, 342 So.2d 574 , 582 (La. 1977), cert. denied , 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2180 , 53 L.Ed.2d 227 (1977) (fact only one shot fired by defendant did not require acquitta…
discussed Cited "see, e.g." In re State in Interest of J.S.
La. Ct. App. · 2018 · signal: see also · confidence low
App. 5th Cir. 1/25/94), 631 So.2d 1213 , 1220 writ denied , 94-0476 (La. 11/4/94), 644 So.2d 1046 (statute defining first degree murder as killing of human being when defendant has specific intent to kill or to inflict great bodily harm upon more than one person does not require proof that defendant actually killed or inflicted great bodily harm upon second victim, only that he had specific intent to do so); see also State v. Tyler, 342 So.2d 574 , 582 (La. 1977), cert. denied , 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2180 , 53 L.Ed.2d 227 (1977) (fact only one shot fired by defendant did not require acquitta…
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Roberts v. Van Buren Public Schools
8th Cir. · 1985 · signal: see also · confidence low
B. 22 While this disposes of the first amendment claim as to Burden, we still must consider as to Roberts whether certain union activities also alleged to be a motive for her discharge were in fact constitutionally protected. 5 23 We have stated, citing Supreme Court precedent, that it is "clear that * * * a public employer may not constitutionally prohibit its employees from joining together in a union, or from persuading others to do so." Arkansas State Highway Employees Local 1315 v. Kell, 628 F.2d 1099, 1102 (8th Cir.1980) (relying on Smith v. Arkansas State Highway Employees Local 1315, 4…
cited Cited "see, e.g." Gwen L. Jackson v. Commonwealth of Kentucky Cabinet for Human Resources,defendant-Appellee
6th Cir. · 1985 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Jacobs v. Martin Sweets Co., 550 F.2d 364 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 917 (1977); Downey v. Southern Natural Gas Co., 649 F.2d 302 (5th Cir. 1981).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Roberts v. Van Buren Public Schools
8th Cir. · 1985 · signal: see also · confidence low
While this disposes of the first amendment claim as to Burden, we still must consider as to Roberts whether certain union activities also alleged to be a motive for her discharge were in fact constitutionally protected. 5 We have stated, citing Supreme Court precedent, that it is “clear that * * * a public employer may not constitutionally prohibit its employees from joining together in a union, or from persuading others to do so.” Arkansas State Highway Employees Local 1315 v. Kell, 628 F.2d 1099, 1102 (8th Cir.1980) (relying on Smith v. Arkansas State Highway Employees Local 1315, 441 U.…
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Devosia WILLIAMS, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. CATERPILLAR TRACTOR COMPANY, Defendant-Appellant (2×)
6th Cir. · 1985 · signal: see also · confidence low
This leads us to consider whether she was constructively discharged. “[A] finding of constructive discharge requires the determination that ‘working conditions would have been so difficult or unpleasant that a reasonable person in the employee’s shoes would have felt compelled to resign.’ ” Geisler v. Folsom, 735 F.2d 991, 996 (6th Cir.1984) (quoting Held v. Gulf Oil Co., 684 F.2d 427, 432 (6th Cir.1982)); see also Jacobs v. Martin Sweets Co., 550 F.2d 364, 369 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2180 , 53 L.Ed.2d 227 (1977).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Walker
11th Cir. · 1983 · signal: see also · confidence low
Prior decisions of this court have established that “p]n the absence of plain error, hearsay that is not properly objected to is ordinarily admissible at trial for any relevant purpose and may be considered by the jury to the extent of its probative value.” Phillips, 664 F.2d at 1026 ; see also United States v. Leaman, 546 F.2d 148, 150 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2180 , 53 L.Ed.2d 227 (1977).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Walker
11th Cir. · 1983 · signal: see also · confidence low
Prior decisions of this court have established that "[i]n the absence of plain error, hearsay that is not properly objected to is ordinarily admissible at trial for any relevant purpose and may be considered by the jury to the extent of its probative value." Phillips, 664 F.2d at 1026 ; see also United States v. Leaman, 546 F.2d 148, 150 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2180 , 53 L.Ed.2d 227 (1977). 21 As for Dukes, it appears that his attorney raised the hearsay issue in pretrial proceedings, at the close of the government's case, and again before the case went to the jury, b…
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Hawkins v. Ohio Bell Telephone Co.
S.D. Ohio · 1982 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also, Jacobs v. Martin Sweets Co., Inc., 550 F.2d 364, 371 (6th Cir.), cert, denied, 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2180 , 52 L.Ed.2d 227 (1977) (Title VII discharge case; prima facie case established when district court determined that plaintiff’s employment was terminated “because” of impermissible reasons).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Anderson v. LOW RENT HOUSING COM'N, ETC.
Iowa · 1981 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e. g., Norbeck v. Davenport Community School District, 545 F.2d 63, 69 (8th Cir. 1976), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2179 , 53 L.Ed.2d 227 (1977) (employee charged with poor judgment and conduct failing to meet professional standards); Stretten v. Wadsworth Veterans Hospital, 537 F.2d 361, 366 , (9th Cir. 1976) (pathology resident charged with incompetence and inability to get along with coworkers); Gray v. Union County Intermediate Education District, 520 F.2d 803, 806 (9th Cir. 1975) (teacher terminated for student and parent problems, undermining community social agencies, ins…
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Anderson v. Low Rent Housing Commission
Iowa · 1981 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e. g., Norbeck v. Davenport Community School District, 545 F.2d 63, 69 (8th Cir.1976), ce rt. denied, 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2179 , 53 L.Ed.2d 227 (1977) (employee charged with poor judgment and conduct failing to meet professional standards); Stretten v. Wadsworth Veterans Hospital, 537 F.2d 361, 366 , (9th Cir.1976) (pathology resident charged with incompetence and inability to get along with coworkers); Gray v. Union County Intermediate Education District, 520 F.2d 803, 806 (9th Cir.1975) (teacher terminated for student and parent problems, undermining community social agencies, insub…
cited Cited "see, e.g." Kyriazi v. Western Electric Co.
D.N.J. · 1978 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e. g., Jacobs v. Martin Sweets Co., 550 F.2d 364 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2180 , 53 L.Ed.2d 227 (1977); Cooper v. Allen, 467 F.2d 836 (5th Cir. 1972).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Beil
5th Cir. · 1978 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also, e. g., United States v. Leaman, 546 F.2d 148, 150 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2180 , 53 L.Ed.2d 227 (1977); United States v. Pearson, 508 F.2d 595, 596 (5th Cir. 1975).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Donald D. Johnson
5th Cir. · 1978 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also, e. g., United States v. Leaman, 546 F.2d 148, 150 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 917 , 97 S.Ct. 2180 , 53 L.Ed.2d 227 (1977); United States v. Pearson, 508 F.2d 595, 596 (5th Cir. 1975).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Villarreal
v.
United States
No. 76-1409.
Supreme Court of the United States.
May 16, 1977.
431 U.S. 917
Published

C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.